杜鹃杂交幼胚拯救技术的初步研究  

Preliminary Study on Hybrid Embryo Rescue of Rhododendrons

作　　者：耿兴敏[1] 吴影倩[1] 赵红娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学风景园林学院风景园林系,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第4期533-539,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：江苏省自然基金项目(BK2011820);江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：为克服杜鹃远缘杂交受精后障碍,提高杜鹃杂交胚的萌发率,本研究以南京地区栽培的映山红、满山红、马银花和锦绣杜鹃为母本,以云南、浙江等地的野生杜鹃为父本进行杂交,对杂交胚进行了最佳初代基本培养基类型的探讨,同时观察了基因型及胚龄对杂交胚萌发状况的影响。结果表明,大多数杂交组合的杂交胚在WPM基本培养基中萌发率高,生长势好,其次是在MS基本培养基中,适宜的杂交组合数仅次于WPM基本培养基。基因型及胚龄对杂交胚的萌发率及成苗途径均有显著影响。同一杂交组合,母株及花粉种源地的差异也会影响杂交胚的萌发。不同杂交组合,最适宜胚拯救时期也不同,并且对于大多数组合的杂交胚而言,幼龄胚更易形成愈伤组织,相对成熟的胚更易形成苗。In order to overcome the post-fertilization barrier between rhododendron hybrid and increase the germination rate of hybrid embryos, effects of types of medium, genotype and the developmental stage of embryo on germination of hybrid embryos were studied. The experiment selected Rhododen- drons simsii, R. mariesii, R. pulchrum and R. ovatum cultivated in Nanjing as the maternal plants, which were crossed with several wild Rhododendron species from Yunnan and Zhejiang Province. The hybrid seedlings were obtained from embryo rescued by tissue culture technique. The results showed that the optimal medium was WPM, which indicated higher germination rates and better growth than other mediums, MS followed. In addition, both genotype and the developmental stage of embryo signif- icantly influenced the germination of hybrid embryos and plantlet formation way. Even the same cross combination, the mother plant and pollen provenance also affected the germination of hybrid embryos. Meanwhile, the appropriate embryo age for embryo rescue was different for different cross combinations. For most of the cross combination, young embryos were more likely to form callus, and relatively mature embryos were more likely to be seedlings.

关 键 词：杂交胚 胚拯救 胚龄 初代培养 萌发率 

分 类 号：S685.21[农业科学—观赏园艺]