跨语言句法结构相似性对二语句法加工的影响  

The effect of cross-language syntactic structure similarity on L2 syntactic processing

作　　者：常欣[1] 朱黄华[2] 王沛[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学,上海市200240 [2]上海师范大学,上海市200234

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2014年第4期560-571,640,共12页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“晚期汉-英二语者句法加工的调节机制:行为与ERP研究”(31300928);上海市教委科研创新重点项目“二语熟练度与语言间句法结构通达性对晚期汉-英双语者英语被动句加工过程的影响”(13ZS092);2013年度上海交通大学SMC-晨星青年学者奖励计划项目“中国大学生英语句法加工能力的影响因素:行为与脑科学的整合研究”资助

摘　　要：本研究分别以汉-英高水平晚期双语者和法-英高水平晚期双语者为受试,采用ERP技术,选取英语简化关系从句作为实验材料,同时考察跨语言句法相似与相异的句法属性对于二语句法加工过程的影响。就法-英二语者而言,英语简化从句构成跨语言相似性句法结构;就汉-英二语者而言,英语简化从句构成跨语言相异性句法结构。结果显示:对于英语简化从句中特有属性"格"的加工,汉-英双语者和法-英双语者的行为数据没有显著差异,并且正确率很高,反应时很快,这说明汉-英双语者和法-英双语者离线加工水平很高;但是二者都未出现表示自动化句法加工的LAN效应。这样的结果表明:无论对于句法相似还是相异属性的加工,不同母语背景的二语者都未出现母语者的加工模式,进而支持浅层结构假说。By using ERP technique,taking Chinese-English bilinguals and French-English bilinguals as subjects and choosing English simplified relative clauses as experiment materials,we investigated the effect of language similarity,dissimilarity and unique L2properties on the processing of second language.The results are as follows:For the simplified relative clauses and unique property in English as L2,the Chinese and French bilinguals showed no difference in reaction time and accuracy,either in high accuracy rate or in fast reaction time.This indicates that they perform well on off-line processing.In processing simplified relative clauses and English as L2,the Chinese and French subjects did not induce the LAN components.Even though they speak different mother languages,they have the same ERP pattern when processing the unique case property of English,indicating that the first language system in general has no influence on the processing of L2unique property.We may conclude that different bilinguals seem to use the same processing pattern,i.e.LAN and P600,which supports the hypothesis of hollow structure.

关 键 词：晚期二语者 跨语言句法相似性 二语句法加工 浅层结构假说 统一竞争模型 

分 类 号：H09[语言文字—语言学]