苹果树腐烂病菌不同致病力菌株对苹果的诱导效应  

The Inductive Effects of Different Virulence Isolates of Valsa mali var. mali on Apple

作　　者：雍道敬 李保华[1] 王彩霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学农学与植物保护学院,山东省植物病虫害综合防控重点实验室,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2014年第6期810-816,共7页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31272001和31000891);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-28);国家农业行业公益性项目(201203034-02);山东省科技攻关计划(2010GNC10918);山东省"泰山学者"建设工程专项经费

摘　　要：以‘富士’苹果叶片为材料, 采用刺伤接种法, 比较了苹果树腐烂病菌强致病菌LXS080601和弱致病菌LXS081501侵染对寄主体内丙二醛（MDA）含量、渗透调节物质及防御酶活性的影响。结果表明, 两菌株侵染后, 叶片MDA、蛋白质和可溶性糖含量均增加, 接种LXS080601叶片MDA含量快速上升, 最大增幅为141.15%, 而接种LXS081501叶片的MDA含量变化较小, 增幅仅为1.16%-16.24%, 但后者可溶性糖和蛋白质含量增幅分别高达158.12%和113.57%, 显著高于接种LXS080601的处理。同时, 两菌株均能诱导叶片内4种防御酶活性的升高, 但LXS081501诱导的苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性均显著高于LXS080601, 说明不同致病力腐烂病菌对寄主防御酶活性的影响存在显著差异。The dynamic changes of malondiadehyde （MDA） content, osmotic adjustment substances content and defense enzymes activity were investigated in ＇Fuji＇ apple leaves induced by isolates LXS080601 and LXS081501 of Valsa mali var. mali using wound inoculation method. After inoculation, the diseased lesion size, MDA content, soluble sugar and protein contents, as well as defense enzymes activity such as polyphenol oxidase （PPO）, phenyl·Lanine ammonia lyase （PAL）, peroxidase （POD） and catalase （CAT） were determined. The results showed that the diseased lesion area caused by isolate LXS080601 with high virulence was significantly bigger than that by LXS081501 with low virulence. The MDA, soluble sugar and protein contents were increased in Fuji leaves infected with two isolates. The MDA content increased quickly and the strongest increase rate was 141.15% in Fuji leaves infected with LXS080601, however, it changed less in Fuji leaves in- fected by LXS081501 ranging from l. 16% to 16.24%. The increase rates of soluble sugar and protein contents were 158.12% and 113.57% in Fuji leaves inoculated by LXS081501, respectively, which was much higher than that induced by LXS080601. In addition, the activities of POD, PAL, CAT and PPO could be induced in Fuji leaves by the two isolates as well, but their activities increases were significantly higher in leaves induced by LXS081501 than by LXS080601 within the measured period.

关 键 词：苹果树腐烂病菌 丙二醛 渗透调节物质 防御酶 

分 类 号：S436.611[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]