纳米铝粉氧化反应特性研究进展  

Research progress of the characteristics of oxidation reaction for nano-aluminum powders

作　　者：李鑫[1] 赵凤起[1] 徐司雨[1] 姚二岗[1] 安亭[1] 李猛[1] 巨荣辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所燃烧与爆炸技术重点实验室,西安710065

出　　处：《固体火箭技术》2014年第3期360-368,共9页Journal of Solid Rocket Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21173163);燃烧与爆炸技术重点实验室基金(62202060103)

摘　　要：纳米铝粉具有高的表面活性,在不同氧化剂中表现出不同的热反应性能,有必要对纳米铝粉在氧化剂中氧化反应特性作深入研究。详细综述了纳米铝粉在空气中的氧化反应特性,主要内容包括纳米铝粉室温Caberra-Mott氧化失活机理,纳米铝粉动态氧化过程3个阶段,纳米铝粉由相变和内外压差引起壳层破裂的点火燃烧机理;分析并比较了纳米铝粉动态氧化与点火燃烧之间的区别;讨论了纳米铝粉在水中低温与高温下的氧化反应特性,纳米铝粉在其他氧化剂中的氧化反应特性;指出纳米铝粉在不同氧化剂中氧化反应特性的研究方向;分析认为该研究不仅为纳米铝粉活性保护提供依据,而且对纳米铝粉在推进剂及炸药中的应用研究具有理论指导意义。Nano-aluminum powders possess a high surface activity and exhibit different thermal reaction properties in different oxidants,so it is necessary to further study the thermal performance of nano-aluminum powders in different oxidation agents. The characteristics of oxidation reaction for nano-aluminum powders in the air were summarized in details,and the main contents are as follows： the mechanism of Caberra-Mott oxidation at room temperature,three stages of dynamic oxidation reaction,the mechanism of ignition and combustion caused by shell rupture due to phase transition or inner and outer pressure difference. The distinction between dynamic oxidation reaction and the mechanism of ignition and combustion was analyzed and compared. The characteristics of oxidation reaction for nano-aluminum powders in water at low and high temperature as well as in other oxidants were discussed. It is believed that the study for oxidation reaction not only provides a basis for the protection of nano-aluminum powders,but has theoretical significance for the application of nano-aluminum powders in propellants and explosives.

关 键 词：纳米铝粉 氧化反应 机理 研究进展 

分 类 号：V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]