黄鳝精子入卵过程扫描电镜观察  

Observation for fertilization of Monopterus albus under scanning electron microscope

作　　者：刘衍男 李小燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学生命科学学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《电子显微学报》2014年第3期283-288,共6页Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society

基　　金：国家基础科学人才培养基金资助项目(No.J1103513);武汉大学国家大学生创新实验项目(No.1210486036);武汉大学实验教学中心开放实验资助项目

摘　　要：利用扫描电镜技术对黄鳝（Monopterus albus）精子、成熟卵的形态以及精子入卵过程进行观察,结果显示：黄鳝精子为鞭毛型,无顶体,由头部、颈部和尾三部分组成,全长约13.02 μm;成熟卵较大,直径约1.67～2.83 mm,表面均匀分布微小棘状突起,动物极有一卵膜孔,卵膜孔底部为一受精孔,卵膜孔周围有12～ 13条沟嵴;在28～ 29℃时,精子10s内可完成入卵过程,同时受精孔向外分泌大量絮状物阻止其他精子进入;约45 s后受精孔外精子完全解体;2 min后絮状物完全转变为特殊的盖状受精栓.对精子、卵及受精孔进行测量,结合扫描电镜观察结果,推测黄鳝受精方式为单精受精.The morphology of mature egg and sperm of Monopterus albus,and sperm penetration were observed under scanning electron microscopy（SEM）.The sperm consists of two parts,the head and the tail,with a short neck.Diameter of the sperm head is 1.76 μm,and its length is 2.01 μm.The length of the tail is 11.01 μm.The mature egg of Monopterus albus is globular with a single micropyle on the animal pole.The micropyle is funneled with an annular fertilizing aperture on the bottom.The diameter of the micropyle is 8.51 ～ 9.53 μm.The egg membrane is watched smooth under the lower magnification of SEM.Under the high magnification of SEM,there are crazing and acanthoid tuber around the surface.Also,there are 12 ～ 13 folded ridges around the micropyle.The diameter of fertilizing aperture is 1.01 ～ 1.33 μm and 1.83 ～ 2.02 μm respectively before and after fertilizing.The whole process of sperm penetration is about 10s.After 45 seconds,the sperms around fertilizing aperture break down totally and are ejected by a cap-shaped embolus.The way of fertilization of Monopterus albus could be monospermy.

关 键 词：黄鳝(Monopterus albus) 精子 卵 精子入卵 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]