煤巷综掘面喷雾用化学降尘剂的试验研究与应用  

Dust-suppressing experiment with a new kind of spraying agent and its application in Sanjiaohe fully mechanized coal mine

作　　者：刘伟[1] 朱良[1] 聂文[1] 徐翠翠[1] 王昊[1] 文金浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学矿业与安全工程学院,山东科技大学矿山灾害预防控制教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2014年第3期20-23,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(U1261205);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51204103);中国煤炭工业协会2013年度科学技术研究指导性计划项目(MTKJ2013 358);山东省科技发展计划项目(2013GSF12004);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20113718110005);矿山热动力灾害与防治教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(JSK200208);中国博士后科学基金项目(2012M521149);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2011EEQ009);山东科技大学资环学院科研创新团队项目(2012ZHTD06);山东省“泰山学者”建设工程专项经费项目

摘　　要：为了改善现有喷雾降尘技术的防尘效果,提高喷雾沉降粉尘的能力,针对焦煤更难与清水结合沉降的问题,以脂肪醇硫酸钠盐(SDS)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠(AES)、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵(1227)、椰油酰氨基丙基甜菜碱(CAB-35)为原料,以三交河煤矿焦煤为试验煤样,首先通过表面活性剂单体溶液的沉降试验,考虑多方面因素,确定复配溶液的质量分数为0.5%;再利用两两复配原则,对复配溶液的表面张力、成膜时间及抗蒸发性等性能进行了测定,并结合沉降试验,最终确定了AES与CAB-35两种试剂组成的高效喷雾用化学降尘剂,其表面张力为22.4 mN/m,成膜时间短,具有较好的保水性能。并进行了现场应用,与在喷雾系统中未添加该降尘剂相比,其平均降尘率提高了16%以上。To improve the efficiency and effect of the current water-spray dust-suppression technology and heighten the dust-disposal efficiency, the given paper has developed a comprehensive agent for dust-suppression by using a kind of salt with fatty alcohol sodium sulfate （SDS）, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate （AES）, the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride （1227） and some other additives as the raw material for the targeted agent. At the same time, we have done an experiment with the coke coal in Sanjiaohe Mine by taking the coal sample to solve the problem of slow and difficult dissolution into coke coal water. What we have done first is to raise the temperature of the surfactant monomer by about 0.5%, and then the material to be tested would become smaller in size. By using the second distribution principle, we have tested the behaviors of the mixture such as the surface tension of the solution, the film-formulation time and the special features of the anti-evaporation. Through the sedimentary experiment with the six components, we have got to know that the shortest time for setting the mixture of the AES and CAB-35 is only 19.03 s at the same mass concentration, which let us believe that the mixture of the AES and CAB-35 should be the most efficient chemical dust-suppressing agent we would like to look for. Further tests with the surface tension of the solution prove that the surface tension of dust-suppressing agent 22.4 mN/m behaves well in absorbing the moisture film. In addition, we have made repeated and wider experiments to confirm that among the six mixtures, the mixture of the AES and CAB-35 tends to be the optimal for suppressing the flying dust in the 2-508 2 fully mechanized workface of the mine. And, later, through trial field application, the dust concentrations have been successfully reduced to the level under control in different measuring points of the mine. Thus, as compared with the agent with no additional mixture of the AES and CAB-35, the average dust-suppress

关 键 词：矿山安全 喷雾降尘 焦煤 复配 性能 沉降试验 

分 类 号：TD714[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]