一起小学诺如病毒胃肠炎聚集疫情的调查  

An investigation of cluster outbreak of gastroenteritis due to norovirus infection in a primary school

作　　者：钟剑明[1] 邓凯杰[1] 庞芬[1] 张静冰[1] 曹丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市福田区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518040

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2014年第6期755-757,共3页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查某小学一起以呕吐、腹泻、发热为主要症状的聚集疫情,分析传播途径和传染来源。方法制订病例定义,开展流行病学调查,采用病例对照研究,选取11名患者为病例组,同班51名未发病同学为对照组,调查饮水饮食史,采集患者标本、水样、食品等进行诺如病毒和致病菌检测。结果2例患者诺如病毒检测阳性,食物和水样中未发现致病菌和诺如病毒,病例对照研究发现,洗手次数大于3次为保护因素。结论首例患者未能及时发现,加上天气寒冷,教室门窗关闭,患者通过近距离飞沫将疾病传染给周围同学,造成本次疫情的发生。Objective To investigate the causes of a cluster outbreak of gastroenteritis with symptoms of vomitting, diarrhea, fever in a primary school. Methods Based on the formulated case definition, 11 patients were assigned into cases group and 51 classmates without symptoms as control group. With a history investigation of drinking and feeding, patients＇ specimens of water, food was collected for the detection of norovirus and other pathogenic bacterias. Results There were 2 norovirus-positve cases. No pathogens were detected in food and water samples, hand- washing for more than 3 times was a protective factor for the disease. Conclusion The cluster outbreak of gastroenteritis was due to delayed detection of first case, closed doors and windows in the cold weather and close contact by droplets.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 胃肠炎 聚集性疫情 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]