基于新制度经济学的私车牌照分配政策分析  

Private Car License Plate Allocation Policy Based on Perspective of New Institutional Economics

作　　者：王辰光[1] 吕廷杰[1] 陈霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京邮电大学经济管理学院,北京100876

出　　处：《北京邮电大学学报（社会科学版）》2014年第3期83-88,共6页Journal of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71172135);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2013RC0603)

摘　　要：交通拥堵是当前城市所面临的一大问题,在分析拥堵的根本原因基础上,针对当前北京、上海所施行的两大典型私车牌照分配政策分析其政策的效用。首先以新制度经济学的视角,从社会成本及产权分配角度入手,对交通拥堵产生的原因进行了探讨。然后建立相应的定量经济学模型,对北京、上海两个城市不同的现行私车牌照分配政策,从执行效果、社会收益、副作用三个方面进行了效用分析,从中总结出拥堵的本质原因是汽车的使用量而非保有量问题,车牌限制只是暂行之计,并以此提出了一些相应的治堵建议。Nowadays, traffic congestion is a serious problem in the city. The purpose of this study is to find the inherent reasons that cause congestion, and to analyze the effectiveness of the car license allocation policy through two typical cities, Beijing and Shanghai. Therefore, from the perspective of social cost and the allocation of property rights, the causes of traffic congestion are discussed. Then, the quantitative economic model is constructed based on the new institutional economics to explore the different economic effects of current license plate allocation policy between Beijing and Shanghai. It is found that the essential cause of traffic congestion is a problem related to the automobile usage and not an inventory problem. The license plate restriction is only a temporary solution. Finally, some suggestions based on the above research for traffic management are put forward.

关 键 词：私车牌照分配 产权 社会成本问题 治堵 

分 类 号：F57[经济管理—产业经济] F091.349