流域重点工业污染源识别特征成分谱建立技术  

Characteristic Compositions Establishing Technique for the Watershed Key Industrial Pollution Source Identification

作　　者：张水燕 王在峰 杜天君 张厚勇 战锡林 

机构地区：[1]济南市环境保护科学研究院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2014年第3期85-89,共5页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项"水污染源监测监管技术体系研究"(2009ZX07527-002)

摘　　要：研究了基于生产排放全过程、多相、多类污染物并举的污染源识别特征成分谱建立技术。首先建立污染源排放完整图谱,包括原辅料、中间物质、产品、各工艺废水污染物、水处理设施进口和出口污染物等。然后从排放完整图谱中解析出特征污染物。对于废水中的常规污染物和金属污染物,采用与受纳水体浓度相比较的方式得到污染源识别特征污染物,建议将浓度超过受纳水体1倍的污染物定为特征污染物。对于有机污染物,将质量分数之和大于90%的污染物集定为特征有机污染物,并按照有机物类别进行分类。最后开发建立动态的水污染源排放数据库。应用该技术建立了石化行业典型企业的排放特征成分谱,发现这些特征组分具有很好的代表性,为水污染源的识别提供了基础数据。The characteristic components technique used for source identification has been established based on the whole discharge process, the multiphase, many kinds of pollutants. The complete emission compositions were first obtained including the raw materials, intermediate materials, products, pollutants in process wastewater, water treatment facility inlet and outlet, and so on. Then the characteristic components were analyzed from the complete emission map. The characteristic routine pollutants and metal pollutants were obtained by comparing the concentration in the pollution source wastewater and in the receiving waters. We suggested that the characteristic pollutants are those whose concentrations in the pollution source wastewater are one time more than those in the receiving waters. The characteristic organic pollutants were those whose mass fractions sum were more than 90%. The organics were then classified. Lastly, the water pollution source emission database was developed which should be updated timely. The characteristic emission map of typical plant of petroleum chemical industry has been set up by applying this characteristic compositions establishing technique. It was found that these characteristic compositions were well representative which provided the basis data for the water pollution source identification.

关 键 词：流域 污染源识别 特征成分谱 污染物 石化行业 

分 类 号：X830.7[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X11