间作蚕豆根系活力和形态对丁香酚及供水水平的响应  

Root Activity and Morphologic Response of Intercropping Faba-bean to Eugenol and Water Supplying Levels

作　　者：赵财[1] 柴强[1] 黄高宝[1] 周海燕[1] 刘辉娟[1] 朱静[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学农学院/甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《核农学报》2014年第6期1116-1123,共8页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31160265);甘肃省杰出青年基金(1111RJDA006);国家公益性行业项目(201103001)

摘　　要：针对干旱和种间作用下,外源化感物质对作物根系作用机制研究薄弱问题,本文以小麦间作蚕豆为参试对象,在不同土壤含水量水平下(田间持水量的75%,60%,45%),研究了小麦根系分泌物丁香酚(2-甲氧基-3-烯丙基苯酚)对单作和间作蚕豆根系形态和活力的影响,以期为通过化感作用途径调控间作群体探索新的思路。结果表明:土壤中浓度为300×10-6mol·kg-1的丁香酚对单作和间作蚕豆根系活力和根体积、根干重和根长等形态特征均具有抑制作用,表现为化感负效应;随供水水平的提高丁香酚对蚕豆根系的化感效应呈减弱趋势,不同供水水平下化感效应绝对值表现为在土壤含水量为田间持水量的45%时最大,60%居中,75%最小。蚕豆根系活力的化感效应值在75%和60%供水水平下,均与45%供水水平之间存在显著差异,单作和间作蚕豆化感效应值在75%供水水平处理下,较45%供水处理分别降低64.0%和56.8%;而种植模式、丁香酚和供水水平对蚕豆根系活力、根体积、根长和根干重的互作效应不显著。因此,生产实践中,可通过优化水分管理达到弱化化感物质对间套作作物间根系的负效应,从而达到克服间套作群体中因某一种作物化感物质累积而造成的毒害作用。In view of the research on mechanism that exogenous allelochemical on crop root under drought and interspecific effects is weak, this experiment, spring wheat （ Triticum aestivum ） - faba bean （ Vicia sativa ） intercropping as the trial object, was to investigate the eugenol （2 - methoxy - 3 - propenylphenol） effects on the root activity and morphologic characteristics of faba-bean under three water （75% , 60% and 45% of field capacity） supplying conditions. Results showed that eugenol at the rate of 300 - 10^-6mol· kg^-1 of soil negatively affected root activity, root volume, root dry weight and root length of faba-bean crops. The negative effect of eugenol on root of faba-bean weakened with the increase of irrigation rate, the absolute values of allelopathic effect under different water supplying levels at the treatment of FMC （45%） was the highest, the treatment of FMC （60%） was in the middle, the treatment of FMC （75%） was the lowest. There were significant differences between 75% and 45% , 60% and 45% water supplying levels, the negatively effect on root activity of sole and intercropping faba-bean at 75% water supplying levels were lower 64.0% and 56.8% than at 45% water supplying levels respectively. However, the interactive effect among Cropping systems, water supply and eugenol has no significantly impact on root activity, root volume, root dry weight and root length of faba-bean crops. This study demonstrates that the negative allelopathic effect, often occurring with intercropping, can be weakened through improved water management, thereby overcome the toxic action that caused by allelochemicals accumulated for one plant continuous cropping in crop intercropping system.

关 键 词：丁香酚 供水条件 间作 根系 化感效应 

分 类 号：S643.6[农业科学—蔬菜学] S512.1[农业科学—园艺学]