尾崎行雄和“军备缩小同志会”——以华盛顿裁军会议前后为中心  

Yukio Ozaki and Reduce Armaments Comrades:Before and After the Washington Conference on Disarmament

作　　者：姜克实[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科 [2]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地东北师范大学世界文明史研究中心,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《东北师大学报（哲学社会科学版）》2014年第4期24-32,共9页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(12BSS008)

摘　　要：华盛顿裁军会议前后,日本国内曾出现一股裁军和和平主义的舆论热潮。尾崎行雄和其主导的《军备缩小同志会》可以说是其中主要代表。华盛顿裁军会议有两个目的:一是裁军;一是解决远东问题。也可以说前者是除"害"(放下军备负担),后者是革"利"(返还既得权益)。当时日本的国民舆论大多处于一种矛盾状态,既想顺从世界大势,放下军备扩张的负担,又不愿放弃在中国的既得权益。在这样一种舆论氛围中登场的尾崎行雄的"裁军论"其特征在于站在政治现实主义的立场上,为促成支持裁军的国民舆论兴起而避开谈弃"利",只把国民的注意力引导至除"害"一面。这种内部自相矛盾的方法,虽不如主张革"利"的石桥湛山的"殖民地放弃论"彻底,却可以启发大多数国民觉醒,引起其对军阀、军国主义的警惕。尾崎此论至少在华盛顿会议前后,在日本造成了一种广泛的、有影响的批判军国主义的舆论力量,显示了大正民主主义运动达到了一个可贵的高度。Before and after the 1921 Washington Conference on Disarmament, in Japan there had a popular opinion on disarmament and pacifism. Yukio Ozaki and his ＂Reduce armaments comrades＂ was a good example. The Washington Disarmament Conference had two purposes,one was disarmament,the other was to solve the Far East problem. In such an atmosphere Yukio Ozaki＇s ＂disarmament theory＂ was characterized by standing on political realism, calling for disarmament but not give up vested interests in China which Japan stood. This proposition did not go as far as Ishibashi Tanzan＇s ＂give up the colony＂ ,but also could awaken ordinary people＇s vigilance against the warlords and militarism. On disarmament,Ozaki showed a valuable point where Taisho democracy movement could reach.

关 键 词：裁军 华盛顿会议 尾崎行雄 石桥湛山 特殊权益 和平主义 

分 类 号：K313.45[历史地理—历史学]