沈从文治学方法探析——兼述另一种器物类型学的研究  

A Exploration into the Method of Shen Congwen's Cultural Relic Research—— A Research of Another Archaeological Typology

作　　者：毕德广[1] 乌云花[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学历史文化旅游学院,辽宁大连116081 [2]中国人民大学历史学院,北京100872

出　　处：《辽宁师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2014年第4期587-592,共6页Journal of Liaoning Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目(L13BKG006)

摘　　要：1949年以前,沈从文潜心文学创作。1949年前后,在大的历史背景下,沈从文无可选择地弃"文"从"物",转入文博研究领域,广泛涉猎各类器物研究,尤以古代服饰和工艺美术制品的研究用力最勤,建树最多。他治器物之学,既能善用史学考据的方法,对文物的年代、功能等进行考证,又能将不同文物分门别类,察其始终,以观演变之轨迹,尤其能透"物"见"人",探讨文物背后的人与文化。沈从文未曾研习考古类型学,然其治学方法却能暗合考古类型学的基本原理,与郭沫若、梁思成等人对中国古代青铜器、古文字、古建筑的研究具有相同的治学路数。梳理沈从文治学成果,总结其治学方法,对当前的文史研究或有裨益。Before 1949 sheng Congwen mainly focused on literary creation. After 1949 with the hig historical background, shen Congwen abandoned literature for archaeology and shifted to the field of cultural relics studies. He studied widely various artifacts, which mainly consisted of ancient clothing and handicraft articles. In the two aspects he worked harder and achieved a lot. He used archaeological methods to studyobjects. He studied the times and functions of the relics and sorted various relics by studying their origin and development to observe their changing course. He could even see a human through object to explorethe human and culture behind these relics. Though Shen Congwen never studied archaeological typology, his academic methed conforms to the elements of archaeological typology, which was familiar with GuoMoruo and Liang Sicheng＇s studies on ancient Chinese bronze, words and architecture. Sorting Shen Congwen＇s study achievements and methods is beneficial to present literary and historical studies.

关 键 词：沈从文 文物研究 图文互证 类型学 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]