2011-2012年医院感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析  

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing nosocomial infections from 2011to 2012

作　　者：黄笑夏[1] 郑志勇[1] 林方芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州市中医院药剂科,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第14期3444-3446,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：温州市科技局基金资助项目(2011s0158)

摘　　要：目的对2011-2012年温州市中医院患者感染病原菌分布及耐药率进行分析,为降低患者感染率提供参考依据。方法选择2011年1月-2012年12月住院治疗患者送检的血液或尿液标本,进行细菌培养与分离,对病原菌分布以及其耐药率进行分析。结果 2011-2012年医院共检出病原菌3 260株,排名前5位的病原菌依次为铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌,分别占19.8%、13.9%、13.0%、12.3%、10.4%;其中革兰阴性菌2 230株占68.4%,革兰阳性菌742株占22.8%,真菌288株占8.8%;病原菌对氨苄西林、头孢克肟、头孢唑林、头孢哌酮、磺胺甲恶唑/甲氧苄啶、呋喃妥因等表现出较强的耐药性,耐药率为35.3%-100.0%。结论医院2011-2012年病原菌以铜绿假单胞菌为主,多数病原菌对青霉素类和头孢类药物的耐药率较高,值得临床重视。OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing infections in patients of Wenzhou Chinese Medicine Hospital from 2011to 2012so as to reduce the incidence of infections.METHODS The submitted blood or urine specimens were collected from the patients who were hospitalized from Jan 2011to Dec 2012,then the bacterial culture and isolation were performed,and the distribution and drug resistance of the pathogens were analyzed.RESULTS A total of 3 260strains of pathogens have been isolated from 2011to 2012,including 2 230（68.4%）strains of gram-negative bacteria,742（22.8%）strains of gram-positive bacteria,and 288（8.8%）strains of fungi;the Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli,and Staphylococcus aureus ranked the top five species of pathogens,accounting for19.8%,13.9%,13.0%,12.3%,and 10.4%,respectively.The pathogens were highly resistant to ampicillin,cefixime,cefazolin,cefoperazone,sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim,and nitrofurantoin,with the drug resistance rates varying from 35.3%to 100.0%.CONCLUSIONThe P.aeruginosa is dominant among the pathogens isolated from 2011to 2012;most of the pathogens are highly resistant to penicillins and cephalosporins,which should be paid high attention to.

关 键 词：病原菌 抗菌药物 耐药率 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]