非生物环境因子对用暴发性流行病病原实验感染的中国对虾发病的影响  

Effects of non biologic environmental factors on Penaeus chinensis infected by the explosive epidemic disease virus

作　　者：刘昌彬[1] 王金星[1] 刘存仁[1] 吴中华 陈忠科[1] 张红卫[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学生命科学院,山东济南250100 [2]湖北黄冈师范专科学校生物系,湖北黄冈436100

出　　处：《水产学报》2001年第1期58-63,共6页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家九五攻关项目资助! (96 0 0 5 0 3)

摘　　要：在保证有充足氧气的前提下 ,按正交设计 ,研究水质氨态氮浓度、pH值、盐度和温度四种环境因子 ,对实验感染暴发性流行病病原的中国对虾发病的影响。在感染的不同时期 ,这四种环境因子对带毒对虾死亡率的影响程度不同。感染后 3～ 4天 ,影响程度从大到小的次序为盐度、pH值、温度、氨态氮浓度 ,感染后 5天 ,影响程度从大到小的次序变为氨态氮浓度、pH值、温度、盐度。我们还进行了混合水平的正交实验 ,即在盐度水平不变 ,氨态氮浓度降到适宜的水平 ,再研究温度、pH值、氨态氮三种因子对带毒对虾的影响 ,结果表明 :三种环境因子的影响程度由大到小的次序为温度、氨态氮浓度和pH值 ,这与我国养殖对虾发病时间从南到北推移的现象相符合。The effect of non biologic environmental factors under satured dissolve oxygen concentration on Penaeus chinensis infected by explosive epidemic virus was studied. The level of salinity, temperature, pH and NH 3 N was changed, according to the orthogonal table. Factors appeared different influence degree at the different stages after infection. In 3-4 days the influence degree of these four factors from heavy to light was salinity, pH, temperature and NH 3 N, but from the fifth day the order was changed as NH 3 N, pH, temperature and salinity. After that, the level of salinity was fixed and the level of temperature, pH and NH 3 N was changed , according to mixed level of orthogonal design. The result showed that the influence degree of three factors from heavy to light was temperature, NH 3 N and pH. This result accorded with the explosive time of the shrimp disease in shrimp culture industry in China. The relationship among environmental factors, and incidence of the disease and mortality rate of Penaeus chinensis was discussed.

关 键 词：中国对虾 暴发性流行病 正交设计 非生物性环境因子 温度 盐度 pH值 人工感染试验 

分 类 号：S945.4[农业科学—水产养殖]