土地资源开发的农业生态效益评价  

AGRICULTURAL ECO-BENEFIT EVALUATION ON LAND RESOURCES EXPLOITATION

作　　者：张殿发[1] 卞建民[2] 吴文业[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院贵阳地球化学研究所,环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550002 [2]长春科技大学环境与建设工程学院,长春130026

出　　处：《资源科学》2001年第2期26-30,共5页Resources Science

摘　　要：该文论述了土地资源开发生态效益评价的目的和意义 ,建立了土地资源开发的生态效益评价指标体系 ,包括 3方面 :①生态系统结构的合理性评价指标 ;②生态系统功能评价指标 ;③生态环境质量评价指标。采用分级综合评价法 ,即分两个层次进行评价研究 ;生态效益分类评价包括生态结构综合评价、环境质量综合评价和生态功能综合评价 ;生态效益总体综合评价。通过对吉林西部土地开发生态效益的综合评价 ,反映出评价指标体系的确定比较合理 ,选择的评价方法简便实用 ,得出的评价结果符合实际。Discusses the significance of eco-benefit evaluation of la nd resources exploitation and points out the purpose of it is to provide scienti fic basis for decisison-making of land resources exploitation. By means of eco -benefit evaluation, the eco-benefit of land resources exploitation can be distin ctively predicted with different modes of land exploitation. According to eco-pr inciple, the structure of land use should be regulated, the integrated benefit of agro-ecosystem can be enhanced. An eco-benefit evaluation index system is set up which includes three aspects: 1) the rationality index of ecosystem structure which reflects the interrelation, combination and rationality of tempo-spatial allocation of diverse elements in the agro-ecosystem; 2) ecosystem function inde xwhich weights the sustainable productive capacity of agro-ecosystem when land resources was used; and 3) environmental quality index which represents the chang ing and developing trend of agro-eco-environmental quality. The classification and synthesis evaluation method was adopted in the study. In the evaluating proce ss, the classicification evaluation was carried out first which was followed by synthesis evaluation. The method was used in the western part of Jilin Province and the evaluation index system was proved to be rationale, the evaluation metho d is simple and practicable, and the evaluation result accords with the fact.

关 键 词：农业 土地资源开发 生态效益评价 指标体系 生态结构 生态功能 环境质量 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济]