大中学生心理健康状况及影响因素研究  

A Study of Mental Health State and Influencing Factors In College and Secondary-schol Students

作　　者：高成阁[1] 王友平[1] 亢万虎[1] 谭新 张酉生 方明[3] 陈佩障 田萍 何瑞常 李强[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安医科大学第一临床医学院精神科,陕西省710061 [2]陕西省防疫站 [3]西安石油学院计算机系

出　　处：《健康心理学杂志》1999年第4期361-364,共4页Health Psychology Journal

摘　　要：目的：对大中学生心理卫生现状及影响因素进行探讨。方法：采取分层整体抽样共1251例。学生自填SCL—90和心理卫生调查表。结果：发现22．6％存在较明显的心理问题．主要表现为强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、偏执和敌对性等。SCL—90得分越高，心理健康水平越低，全体学生得分高于全国常模．显示影响学生心理健康的主要困素有个人危险行为史（吸烟、饮酒、药物依赖、出走、自杀、赌博、宗教迷信等）、躯体状况（如血色素水平、营养、身高、体重等）、性问题、家庭影响（危险行为史、父母年龄、文化等）、年级。人际关系不良、自我评价差等。结论：提示大中学生心理健康受生物、心理、社会诸多困素影响．学校心理卫生工作应多层次从学校、家庭、社会多方面开展。Objective In order to investigate the mental health level of college and sec ondary-school students and relative factors to influence their mental health and to provide some help for school rnental health work. Method 1251 standard cases are drawn form 1% sampling study of students at colleges and middle schols in Shaanxi Province. Take SCL- 90 as the index, 14 psychic health level indexes as dependent variable and 109 indexese of psychic hea1th back ground as in- dependent variable. We have made multifactoranalysis. Result 22. 6 % of students exist relatively serious problems in psychology. The scores of SCL- 90 in females are a little bit higher than in males. The scores of students at both unviersities and senior middle schools are higher than in junior rniddle schools students. the scores of SCL - 90 of students from country sides are higher than in cities students,the scores of the whole students are hidher the normal popultion. The students show such the mental problems as obsession,interpersonal sensitivity,de pression. anxiety, paranoia, and hostility. Factor - analysis shows that influencing factors include history of positive individual risking behavior, physical conditions, grade, address, family influ ences. menses and sexual prombles. bad relation with others. poor self- assessment. Conclusion The mental halth level of stuedents is lower than the whole society. The factors which hamper psychic health of students include biological,psychological and social factors.

关 键 词：心理卫生 SCL-90 影响因素 大中学生 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]