粗皮侧耳对花生根结线虫群体动态的影响及防治效果  

Effect of Pleurotus ostreatus on Dynamics of Meloidogyne arenaria Population and Control Effectiveness

作　　者：向红琼[1] 冯志新[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学植保系,贵阳550025 [2]华南农业大学线虫研究室,广州510642

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2001年第1期27-34,共8页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

摘　　要：通过盆栽试验研究了杀线虫担子菌 -粗皮侧耳 (Pleurotus ostreatus)对花生根结线虫病的防治作用及施用技术。结果表明 ,P.ostreatus能有效地降低土壤中二龄幼虫的密度 ,与对照相比二龄幼虫减少 80 %以上 ;显著地降低花生根结线虫的侵染量 ,使根结内虫口密度下降 40 .0 0 %～ 82 .6 4% ,根结减少 86 .96 %～ 94.0 3% ;推迟根结线虫的初侵染 ,有效地降低病害流行速度 ,使花生根结从对照组的逻辑斯蒂增长下降为施菌组的线性增长 ,有效地防治了花生根结线虫病 ,防效可达 80 %左右 ;同时其在土壤中易于定殖并具有较好的持效性。该菌防效与菌量及施菌时间关系密切 ,在菌量一定的情况下 ,施菌时间是影响防效的关键因素 ,以施菌后 2 0 d播种为宜。The control effects and application methods of Pleurotus ostreatus on the peanut root knot nematode disease, Meloidogyne arenaria, were systematically studied in the greenhouse. Results of pot experiments showed that P. ostreatus could effectively reduce the 2nd instar population density in the soil, and the larva reduced by 80% compared with the control. P. ostreatus could markedly lower the infecting number of the peanut root knot nematodes, the nematode density inside the root knots declined by 40.00 %~82.64%, and the peanut root knots also reduced by 86.96%~94.03%. The fungus could defer the initial infection of M. arenaria to the roots, the epidemic rate of peanut root knot nematode disease was significantly cut down, and the increase of root knot changed in way of Logistic curve in the control to the way of linear curve in the treatment. The final control effectiveness was about 80%.The results of pot trial also indicated that the control effectiveness is closely related to the application time and amount of this fungus. The key factor affecting control effectiveness was the application time of P. ostreatus in the soil, and the suitable time was 20 days before sowing.

关 键 词：粗皮侧耳 根结线虫 花生根结线虫病 生物防治 

分 类 号：S432.45[农业科学—植物病理学] [农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S476[农业科学—植物保护]