腹膜表面超微结构的观察  

ULTRASTRUCTURAL IDENTIFICATION OF A NOVEL MEMBRANE STRUCTURE ON PERITONEAL SURFACE

作　　者：郭群英[1] 吴金浪[1] 叶任高[1] 吴杏[1] Bengt Lindholm 汪涛[3] 

机构地区：[1]中山医科大学附属一院肾内科卫生部重点实验室,广州510080 [2]瑞典卡诺林斯卡研究所肾科 [3]中山医科大学附属一院肾内科,瑞典卡诺林斯卡研究所肾科

出　　处：《解剖学报》2001年第2期177-179,T017,共4页Acta Anatomica Sinica

基　　金：中山医科大学 2 11工程基金!资助项目 (9815 1) ;瑞典Karolinska Institute合作基金

摘　　要：目的　证实大鼠腹膜表面液体层的存在并探讨其可能组成成分。　方法　取正常大鼠腹膜组织 ,分别以不同固定液固定 :(1) 2 .5 %戊二醛和 2 %多聚甲醛 (对照组 ) ;(2 ) 2 .5 %戊二醛和 0 .5 %氯化十六烷基吡啶 (GAG组 ) ;(3) 2 % Os O4(PH 1组 ) ;(4 ) 4 % Os O4(PH2组 ) ;(5 ) 3%鞣酸 (鞣酸组 )。　结果　对照组中可见腹膜间皮细胞表面的微绒毛 ,未见表面液体层。GAG组腹膜表面可见一层不连续的无定形结构。此层结构在 PH1和 PH 2组中保存较好 ,厚度达到 10μm。鞣酸组表面液体层及间皮细胞中可见许多类板层小体。　结论　研究证实 :正常大鼠腹膜表面覆盖着一层膜样结构 ,它至少由磷脂和葡糖胺聚糖组成。该层在腹膜物质转运中可能有重要的屏障作用。Objective To testify if there is a stagnant layer on the peritoneal surface of rats and try to find out the components of this layer. Methods Normal rat peritonea were taken from four SD rats. The tissues were immediately fixed by using one of the following fixatives for 24 hours before conventional tissue processing:(1)2 5% glutaraldehyde and 2% polyformaldehyde(control);(2)2 5% glutaraldehyde and 0 5% cetylpyridinum chloride to fix mainly the glycosaminoglycan(GAG);(3)2% O sO 4 to fix the phospholipids(PH1);(4)4% O sO 4 (PH2) and (5) 3% tannic acid(Tannic Acid Group). Results In the control, the peritoneal mesothelium was covered with microvilli whereas no surface layer was observed. However, in the GAG group, there appeared to be a discontinuous amorphous layer covering the mesothelial cells. In the PH1 group, a continuous amorphous layer covered the peritoneal surface and its thickness depended on the abundance of microvilli. This layer was much better preserved in the PH2 group with thickness up to 10μm. In the Tannic Acid Group, not only this stagnant layer could be easily seen, we could but also observe there were a lot of lamellar bodies in the layer and inside the mesothelial cells. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that for the first time(1) normal peritoneal surface is covered by a pseudo membrane layer which is easily dissolved and therefore not seen in conventional tissue processing; (2) This pseudo membrane layer consists of at least phospholipids and glycosaminoglycan(most possibly hyaluronan). We postulate that this layer may be an important barrier to peritoneal transport.

关 键 词：腹膜透析 腹膜形态学 腹膜转运 电镜 超微结构 大鼠 

分 类 号：R459.5[医药卫生—治疗学] R322.492[医药卫生—临床医学]