影响飞虱虫疠霉孢子萌发类型和侵染性芽管形成的生化因子  

EFFECT OF VARIOUS SUBSTRATE NUTRIENT ON THE SPORE GERMINATION AND INFECTIVE GERM TUBE INDUCING OFPANDORA DELPHACIS'

作　　者：徐均焕[1] 冯明光[1] 刘志强[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学微生物研究所,杭州310029

出　　处：《微生物学报》2001年第2期234-240,共7页Acta Microbiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!( 39870 51 3);浙江省自然科学基金!( 3962 83)资助&&

摘　　要：孢子萌发类型是决定飞虱虫疠霉能否入侵的重要因子之一 ,而不同营养基质及昆虫体壁理化特性直接影响到孢子的萌发类型。对氨基酸、脂类、糖类、矿物质、维生素及桃蚜(Myzuspersicae)和褐稻虱 (Nilaparvatalugen)粗提物研究发现 ,它们均在不同程度上对芽管形成有刺激作用。其中 ,L 半胱氨酸、L 天冬酰氨、山俞酸 (C2 2 :0 )、海藻糖、果糖、麦芽糖、甘油、抗坏血酸、叶酸、维生素B1、ZnSO4、FeSO4以及两种寄主粗提物对芽管形成刺激作用显著。而这些基质如L 半胱氨酸、抗坏血酸、叶酸、维生素B1、FeSO4、ZnSO4及豆蔻酸 (C1 4 :0 )、软脂酸 (C1 6 :0 )、硬脂酸 (C1 0 :0 )、花生酸 (C2 0 :0 )、山俞酸 (C2 2 :0 )、掬焦油酸 (C2 4 :0 )、核黄素、烟酸能显著抑制二级分生孢子的产生。相反对刺激芽管形成不明显的物质如丙氨酸、酪氨酸、葡萄糖、半胞糖、蔗糖、肌醇、糖原、维生素B6、NaCl和KCl等能显著促进二级分生孢子的形成。此外 ,有些物质在高浓度下刺激芽管形成 ,而在低浓度下能促进二级分生孢子的形成 ,如L 天冬酰氨、海藻糖、果糖、麦芽糖、甘油、维生素B1、叶酸。褐稻虱和桃蚜粗提物对二级分生孢子形成无明显促进或抑制作用。研究表明 ,刺激芽等形成的基质在飞虱、桃蚜等虫体内含量较高 ,说明侵染性?The influence of nutrients on spore germmination of P.delphacis was investigated using amino acids,fatty acids,carbohydrates,vitamins,minerals,and extracts of aphids or planthoppers.It was found that the formation of germ tubes from primary conidia was significantly stimulated by cysteine,asparagine,behenic acid (C 22:0 ),trehalose,fructose,glycerol,maltose,ascorbic acid,thiamine(VB 1),Folic acid,ZnSO 4,FeSO 4 and extracts of aphids and planthoppers.Of these many could suppress the formation of secondary conidia from primary conidia,e.g.,cysteine,behenic acid (C 22:0 ),myristic acid (C 14:0 ),palmitic acid (C 16:0 ),stearic acid (C 18:0 ),arachidic acid (C 20:0 ),lignoceric acid (C 24:0 ),ascorbic acid,thiamine (VB 1),riboflavin (VB 2),folic acid,nicotinic acid,ZnSO 4,and FeSO 4.However,the nutrients not conducive to the formation of germ tubes were stimulants to the formation of secondary conidia.These included tyrosine,alanine,glucose,galactose,sucrose,glycogen,inositol,pyridoxal (VB 6),NaCl,and KCl.Moreover,nutrients including asparagine,trehalose,glycerol,maltose,fructose,thiamine (VB 1),and folic acid stimulated the formation of both germ tubes and secondary conidia.The result above indicated that the substrate nutrients which can stimulate the formation of germ tubes were general in planthoppers and aphids,it means the formation of aggressive germ tubes was one of important factors of successful for infection to the hosts.Of which it confirmed that the host specificity for P.delphacis against N.lungus and M.persicae .

关 键 词：飞虱虫疠霉 孢子萌发格局 生化因子 寄生专化性 昆虫真菌 侵染性芽管 

分 类 号：Q949.32[生物学—植物学]