熔体旋淬Ml(NiCoMnAl)_5贮氢合金的组织结构与电化学特性  

Microstructure and Electrochemical Characteristics of Melt-Spinning Alloy Ml(NiCoMnAl)_5

作　　者：文明芬[1] 陈廉[1] 佟敏[1] 陈德敏[1] 翟玉春[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院金属研究所,辽宁沈阳110015 [2]东北大学材料与冶金学院,辽宁沈阳110006

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2001年第1期43-48,共6页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：国家 8 6 3计划资助!项目 (715 -0 0 4-0 2 33)

摘　　要：对比研究了熔体旋淬和常规熔铸Ml(NiCoMnAl) 5 贮氢合金的组织结构和电化学特性。SEM和XRD分析表明 :熔体旋淬合金为细小的柱状晶粒组成 ,随着旋淬速度的增加 ,晶粒越来越细小 ,成分越来越均匀 ;它们的晶体结构和铸态一样 ,都为CaCu5 型六方晶体结构 ;随着旋淬速度的增加 ,晶粒主要按 (111) [111]择优取向生长。电化学测试表明 :旋淬态合金电极初始容量都大于 2 10mAh·g - 1 ,活化性能好 ,经两次充放电循环 ,就可达到最大放电容量。旋淬速度 10m·s- 1 的合金电极的最大放电容量 (2 94mAh·g- 1 )与铸态合金电极的最大容量相当 ,所有旋淬速度的合金电极充放电循环稳定性优于铸态合金电极。在 6 0 0mA·g- 1 电流密度下 ,旋淬速度 10m·s- 1 的合金电极充电 45min就能达到其最大容量的 6 5 %左右 ,具有较好的高倍率充放电能力 ,但随着循环次数的增加 ,它的容量稳定性稍次于旋淬速度 40m·s- 1 的合金电极。The microstructure and electrochemical characteristics of Ml(NiCoMnAl) 5 alloys prepared by both the melt spinning method and the conventional induction melting were investigated and compared. SEM and XRD studies show that the microstructure of melt spinning alloys is columnar structure. With increasing melt spinning rate, the crystal grains become finer and preferentially grow into (111)[111] direction. The melt spinning and cast alloys belong to CaCu 5 type hexagonal crystal structure. The electrochemical measurements show that the initial capacities of melt spinning alloy electrodes are all above 210 mAh·g -1 and have good activation behavior, reaching their maximum capacities after two charge discharge cycles. The maximum capacity (294 mAh·g -1 ) of melt spinning (10 m·s -1 ) alloy electrodes is as same as that of as cast alloy electrode, and the stability of charge discharge cycles of all melt spinning alloy electrodes is better than that of the as cast alloy electrodes. When charged at 600 mA·g -1 , the capacity of melt spinning (10 m·s -1 ) alloy electrode reach 65% of its maximum capacity after about 45 min, and has better high rate discharge capability; but with the cycle number increasing, the stability of its capacity is less than that electrodes of melt spinning rate of 40 m·s -1 .

关 键 词：稀土 熔体旋淬 贮氢合金电极 电化学特性 柱晶组织 贮氢合金 镍氢电池 负极材料 组织结构 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] TG139.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]