“葵”辨──兼及向日葵引种栽培史略  

DISTINCTION OF KUI

作　　者：叶静渊 

机构地区：[1]中国农业遗产研究室

出　　处：《中国农史》1999年第2期66-73,共8页Agricultural History of China

摘　　要：锦葵科的冬苋菜古名“葵”，早在先秦时期就是我国栽培的主要蔬菜之一。元代《王越农书》喻之为“百菜之主”，元代以后，白菜逐渐取代了葵的“百菜之主”的地位，以至不少人把“葵”给遗忘了，竟不知其为何菜。而向日葵引种至我国后，借用“葵”名；加以向日葵的花盘有向日而转的特性，我国古籍中恰好有“葵倾”向日的典故，遂导致一些人误认为古籍中的“葵”即向日葵，或包括向日葵。本文根据大量史料论证明中叶以前古籍中的“葵”均为锦葵科的冬觅菜，明中叶及其后成书的古籍中的“葵”则或指锦葵科的冬苋菜，或指菊科的向日葵，应分别根据具体内容予以辨别之。The Kui(葵 ) was one of the main vegetables planted in China during the Pre - Qin Period.It took the first place in all the vegetables according to Wangzhennongshu (Agricultural Literaturewritten by Wang Zhen). With Chinese cabbage taking the place of it, some ample didn' t knowwhat the Kui was. According to lots of historical data, this article proves that the Kui emerged inancient books before the middle Ming dynasty were winter amaranth and after the middle Ming,the Kui began to have two meanings winter amaranth and sunflower. People should make correotjudgement about the meaning of Kui on different situations.

关 键 词：葵 植物种属 考证 冬苋菜 向日葵 古籍 引种栽培 栽培史 

分 类 号：S565.502.2[农业科学—作物学] Q949.4[生物学—植物学]