抗生素应用与烧伤创面细菌药敏变迁  

THE EFFECT OF ANTIBIOTIC SHIFT ON BECTERIAL FLORA AND ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY OF ISOLATED BECTERIA

作　　者：申烨[1] 罗志军[1] 张承德[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省常德市第一人民医院烧伤科,415003

出　　处：《中国现代医学杂志》2001年第3期55-56,共2页China Journal of Modern Medicine

摘　　要：目的 :了解烧伤创面菌种及其耐药性变迁与抗生素应用的关系 ,指导抗生素选择。方法 :采集 1992～2 0 0 0年烧伤住院病人分泌物细菌培养加药敏试验 ,对 1992～ 1994年、1995～ 1997年 (抗生素更替期 )、1998～2 0 0 0年 (三代头孢广泛应用期 )三个阶段的菌种及药敏分析比较。结果 :金葡菌检出率相对稳定 ,位居前列 ,对万古霉素保持 10 0 %敏感率。绿脓杆菌检出率在第二阶段下降到第 6位 ,第三阶段又上升到第 3位 ,对常用抗生素的敏感率逐年下降。大肠杆菌、肠球菌为常见菌种 ,阴沟杆菌检出率逐年增高。结论 :抗生素的更换影响烧伤创面菌种类型和比例 ,广泛长期使用三代头孢和喹喏酮类抗生素 ,使细菌耐药率逐年上升。金葡萄、绿脓杆菌仍然是烧伤创面的主要菌种。Objective:To study the change in bacterial flora of wound and antibiotic sensitivity of the isolated bacteria,in order to guide the choice of antibiotc in clinical practice.Methods:The data on the rate of wound bacteria culture and antibiotic sensitivity divided into 3 groups according to the difference of antibiotic usage,the 1st group is from 1992 to 1994,the 2nd group is 1995 to 1997,the 3rd group is 1998 to 2000.The data of three groups were analysed and compared.Results:Staphylococcus aureous keep steady and rank the top.The rate of sensitivty to vancomycin is 100%.Peseudomonas aeruginosa fell to rank the sixth place in second phase,and then rise to rank the third place in third phase,and the sensitivity to antibiotc step down.Escherichia coli and Enterococcus are bacteria of burn wound.Enterobacter closacae increased stage by stage.Conclusions:The rate of antibiotic sensitivity and the rank of bacteria isolated in burn wound changed with the shift of antibiotic usage.Becterial durug resistance increased with broad and long term application of third general cephalosporins and fluoroqinolones.Staphylococcus aureous and peseudomonas aeruginosa are dominance bactertia of burn wound.

关 键 词：烧伤 细菌 抗生素 耐药率 

分 类 号：R644[医药卫生—外科学]