停止卡介苗复种后儿童青少年结核感染及发病的研究  

Investigation of infection and onset of tuberculosis in children and youth after termination of BCG vaccination

作　　者：王化金 周长山 隗合平 阎久龄 李军 

机构地区：[1]北京市房山区结核病防治所,102400 [2]北京市通州区结核病防治所,101100

出　　处：《中国防痨杂志》2001年第2期81-84,共4页Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis

摘　　要：目的　观察停止卡介苗 (BCG)复种后 ,儿童青少年结核感染及发病情况。方法　 1 998年分别对北京市房山区 1 2岁学生 (停止BCG复种组 )和北京市通州区 1 2岁学生 (未停BCG复种组 )行结核菌素 (PPD)试验 ,72小时测量PPD反应———凡硬结平均直径≥ 6mm者行胸部X线检查 ,发现肺部阴影者查痰抗酸菌等。然后 ,依据PPD反应强度及活动性肺结核病人检出情况测算结核感染率及患病率。结果　停止BCG复种组与未停BCG复种组活动性肺结核病患病率分别为 1 4 8/ 1 0万和 1 8 6/1 0万 (P >0 0 5)。结核感染率 :以直径≥ 1 5mm为结核感染标准 ,分别为 7 9%和 1 9 6% (P <0 0 5) ;以直径≥ 2 0mm为标准 ,分别为 3 9%和 4 2 % (P >0 0 5)。由此可见 ,用于反映停止BCG复种组结核感染与发病的两项主要指标均不高于甚至低于未停BCG复种组。结论　停止BCG复种后不会引起儿童青少年结核感染及发病的增加。同时可节省大量人力、物力和财力 ,更好实施其它有效的结核病控制措施。Objective To observe the infection and incidence of tuberculosis in children and youth after termination of BCG revaccination.Methods In 1998,PPD testing was conducted on 12 years old students from Fangshan district (BCG revaccination termination group) and Tongzhou district (BCG revaccination not termination group) of Beijing respectively,PPD reactions were measured at 72 hours,chest X ray examinations were performed on those with average diameter≥6mm indurations,acid fast bacillus detection was done for ones found exhibiting lung shadows and so on.Then,calculate tuberculosis infectious rate and morbidity according to PPD reaction intensity and finding of active tuberculosis patients.Results Morbidities of active pulmonary tuberculosis for BCG revaccination termination group and BCG revaccination not termination group were respectively 14 8/10 5 and 18 6/10 5 ( P >0 05).Tuberculosis infectious rates:when criterion as diameter ≥15mm 7 9% and 19 6% respectively ( P <0 005),and when criterion as diameter ≥20mm 3 9% and 4 2% respectively ( P >0 05).Therefore,the two indicators used as reflecting tuberculosis infection and onset after BCG revaccination termination were both not higher and even lower than the BCG revaccination group.Conclusion BCG revaccination termination don't increase tuberculosis infection and initiation in children and adolescents.It can spare a large amount of manpower,material recourses,and financial capacity.

关 键 词：卡介苗接种 结核 流行病学 儿童 青少年 BCG 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]