噪声、模拟失重复合因素对豚鼠脑电和听阈影响的研究  

Combined Effects of Noise and Simulated Weightlessness on EEG and Hearing Threshold of Guinea Pigs

作　　者：郑素贤[1] 李道德[1] 闫露 钱维权 

机构地区：[1]航天医学工程研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》1991年第3期198-202,共5页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

摘　　要：载人航天时,舱内长时间存在的中等强度噪声影响航天员的情绪、睡眠和工作效率。因而,研究短期轨道飞行的舱内噪声容许水平,对保证航天员的身体健康和工作效率是非常必要的。考虑到轨道飞行过程中,航天员处于失重状态,受到噪声与失重的复合因素作用,本实验采用脑电和听阈作为实验指标,分别观察80dB(A)白噪声、头低位30°模拟失重及两因素复合作用8昼夜对豚鼠的影响,从而分析复合因素作用是否产生协同效应,为短期轨道飞行舱内噪声容许水平的制定提供实验依据。结果表明:80dB(A)白噪声和头低位30°模拟失重复合因素连续作用8昼夜对豚鼠脑电的影响,不是噪声作用和模拟的失重作用效果的简单叠加。对听力的影响是协同作用,但尚未超过听力损伤限。During spaceflight, astronauts are continuously subjected to the stress of environmental factors such as vibration, noise and etc. The practice of manned spaceflight has shown that long-term noise of moderate intensity in space cabin usually affects astronaut's mood, sleep and work efficiency. Hence, it is necessary to investigate the permissible noise level in the cabin during short-term orbital flight in order to maintain astronaut's health and work efficiency. In orbital flight, astronauts will suffer from the combined effects of noise and weightlessness. In the experiments, the changes of EEG and hearing threshold were observed for the evaluation of the effects of exposure to white noise of 80 dB(A) and white noise combined with simulated weightlessness at HDT—30° respectively on the guinea pigs. The results showed that when combined factors of white noise in 80 dB(A) and simulated weightlessness at HDT—30° were exerted continuously on guinea pigs for 8 days, the effects on EEG were not a simple addition of the two factors. Combined effect on hearing was also demonstrated, but it didn't exceed the hearing impairment level.

关 键 词：复合因素 噪声 失重模拟 脑电图 

分 类 号：R852.22[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]