线粒体,活性氧和细胞凋亡  

Mitochondria, Reactive Oxygen Species and Apoptosis

作　　者：赵云罡[1] 徐建兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生物物理研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2001年第2期168-171,共4页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

摘　　要：在能量代谢和自由基代谢中 ,线粒体均占据着十分重要的地位 .通过呼吸链电子漏途径 ,线粒体产生大量超氧阴离子 ,并通过链式反应形成对机体有损伤作用的活性氧 .通过呼吸链电子漏 ,氧化磷酸化解偶联 ,线粒体内膜产生通透性转变孔道 (PTP)及Box 和 /或PTP 介导的细胞色素c向胞质的转移等种种因素 ,线粒体参与一般抗氧化防御及细胞凋亡等重要生理过程的调控 .在与线粒体相关的细胞凋亡中 ,活性氧的信号作用是十分明显的 .Mitochondria are involved not only in energy metabolism but also in free radical metabolism. Superoxide anion can be generated through a way of electron leak of respiratory chain and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be formed in the further reactions of O-2(radical anion) in mitochondria. The role of mitochondria in antioxidant functions and cell apoptosis is discussed in terms of electron leak of respiratory chain, uncoupling of oxidative phosphorelation, mitochondrial pore, Box- or/and PTP-mediated release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and so on. The signaling act of ROS is emphasized in the regulation of cell apoptosis.

关 键 词：线粒体 活性氧 细胞凋亡 电子漏 细胞色素C 

分 类 号：Q255[生物学—细胞生物学] Q244