武钢厂区景观结构与绿地空间布局研究  

Landscape structure and greenland spatial pattern in workshop district of Wuhan Iron and Steel Company.

作　　者：周志翔[1] 邵天一[1] 周小青[1] 何吉成[1] 郭尔祥[2] 叶贞清[2] 于春杰[2] 严天炜[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学林学系,武汉430070 [2]武汉钢铁公司,武汉430080

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2001年第2期190-194,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：湖北省"九五"科技攻关项目! (991P2 1 0 4 )

摘　　要：应用景观生态学原理对武钢厂区景观结构及绿地景观的空间布局进行了调查分析 .结果表明 ,构成武钢厂区景观结构的主体是以建筑铺装斑块、工业预留地斑块、公路和铁路廊道组成的人工景观要素 ,其面积占景观总面积的 74.37% ,斑块优势度达 5 7.70 % .其中 ,建筑铺装斑块面积比率最高 (5 6 .43 % )、优势度最大(35 5 9% ) ,专用绿地斑块破碎化指数高 (5 .0 5 91ind·hm-2 )、分布范围广 ,道路廊道密度大 (13 .7772km·km-2 )、且公路比铁路对景观的影响更大 ,既体现了工业区景观结构的基本特征 ,也反映了武钢厂区趋于合理的景观格局 .在绿地景观中 ,道路绿带斑块数目多、面积比率高 (6 6 .0 7% )、优势度最大 (75 .31% ) ,以乔木树种为主体的防护林斑块平均面积大 (845 4.45m2 )、环境效益高 ,观赏绿地斑块植物种类丰富、景观效果好 .以道路绿带为骨架 ,成片防护林和观赏绿地为中心 ,将各分厂绿地连接成四大绿化区域的武钢厂区绿地系统已初步形成 .但厂区荒草地斑块优势度偏高 ,防护林面积较小 ,道路绿带仍不完整 ,应进一步重视厂区废弃地开发和绿地系统建设 .The landscape structure and greenland spatial pattern in the workshop district of Wuhan Iron and Steel Company were investigated and analyzed on the basis of landscape ecological theory. The results showed that the main parts of the landscape structure were the artificial landscape elements such as building and concrete covering patches, highway and railway bed corridors, and industrial reservations. All of these artificial landscape elements accounted for 74.37% of patch area and 57.70% of patch dominance. In the landscape, the building and concrete covering land had the maximum percentage of patch area (56.43%) and the maximum dominance (35.59%).The special purpose greenlands had the highest fragmentation index (5.0591 ind·hm -2 ) and the wide-ranging distribution. The corridor density (13.78 km·km -2 ) was high, and the highway had more effects on landscape than the railway.All the results reflected not only the essential landscape features of industrial region,but also the rational trend of landscape structure in the workshop district of Wuhan Iron and Steel Company. In the greenland, the road greenbelts had the maximum patch number, area percentage (66.07%), and dominance (75.31%), the shelter forests being mainly composed of tree species had high patch average area (8454.45m 2) and environmental benefit, and the ornamental greenlands had abundant plant species and varied scenery. The greenland system was initially formed by four afforestation districts,using shelter forests and ornamental greenlands in large patch as a center connected by road greenbelts. It should be attached importance to the relatively high dominance of wild grasslands, the low area percentage of shelter forests and the imperfect road greenbelts to develop the uncovered lands and to improve the quality of the greenland system.

关 键 词：景观生态学 景观结构 绿地 空间布局 厂区绿化 

分 类 号：Q149[生物学—生态学]