西双版纳“龙山”片断热带雨林中小型土壤动物群落组成与多样性研究  

Species composition and diversity of soil mesofauna in the `Holy Hills'fragmentary tropical rain forest of Xishuangbanna,China.

作　　者：杨效东[1] 沙丽清[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园,昆明650223

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2001年第2期261-265,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院"九.五"重大项目! (KZ951 A1 0 4 );中国科学院特别支持项目! (STZ97 1 0 4 )

摘　　要：对西双版纳不同面积“龙山”片断干性季节雨林和保护区连续湿性季节雨林凋落物层土壤动物群落多样性研究表明 ,土壤动物群落物种丰盛度、多度和多样性的变化不存在随雨林片断化面积减小而降低的“种 面积效应” ,而雨林片断化后因先锋植物 (喜阳性 )侵入产生的“干暖效应” ,使片断化雨林凋落物增多 ,腐殖质、土壤有机质、N、P等元素含量增高 ,土壤生境条件更有利于土壤动物生存 ,其群落多样性指数高于连续湿性季节雨林 ,但 2种生境土壤动物群落种 多度模型均表现为对数级模式 .The species composition and diversity of soil mesofauna were examined in fragmented dry tropical seasonal rainforest of tow`Holy Hills' of Dai nationality,compared with the continuous moist tropical seasonal rain forest of Nature Reserve in Xishuangbanna area.5 sample quadrats were selected along the diagonal of 20m×20m sampling plot,and the samples of litterfall and 0～3cm soil were collected from each 50cm×10cm sample quadrat.Animals in soil sample were collected by using dry-funnel(Tullgren's),were identified to their groups according to the order.The H′ index,D·G index and the pattern of relative abundance of species were used to compare the diversity of soil mesofauna.The results showed that the disturbance of vegetation and soil resulted by tropical rainforest fragmentation was the major factor affecting the diversity of soil mesofauna.Because the fragmented forest was intruded by some pioneer tree species and the “dry and warm”effect operated,this forest had more litterfall on the floor and more humus in the soil than the continuous moist rain forest.The soil condition with more soil organic matter,total N and P,higher pH value and lower soil bulk density became more favorable to the soil mesofauna.Therefore,the species richness,abundance and diversity of soil mesofauna in fragmented forests were higher than those in continuous forest,but the similarity of species composition in fragmented forest to the continuous froest was minimal.Soil mesofauna diversity in fragmented forests did not change with decreasing fragmented area,indicating that there was no species-area effect operation in this forest.The pattern of relative abundance of species in these forest soils was logarithmic series distribution.

关 键 词：热带雨林 土壤动物种群 多样性 西双版纳 

分 类 号：S718.6[农业科学—林学]