银杏叶提取物EGb_(24/6)对受损神经神经元的保护作用及其对神经元超微结构的影响  

An experimental study on the effect of extract of leave ginkgo biloba(EGb24/6)on protection of the neurons and the observation of ultra-structure following nerve injury of sciatic nerve in rats

作　　者：张烽[1] 顾玉东[1] 徐建光[1] 李继峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海华山医院手外科,200040

出　　处：《中华骨科杂志》2001年第4期250-253,共4页Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics

基　　金：上海市领先学科基金资助项目(95-Ⅲ-1);卫生部重点学科基金(96-3);美国中华医学基金(95-619);江苏省青年科学基金(98-509)

摘　　要：目的研究银杏叶提取物 (EGb)对受损的大鼠坐骨神经神经元的保护作用。方法 SD雄性大鼠 30只，体重 180～ 220 g。随机分成对照组和 EGb24/6组，每组各 15只。将对照组和 EGb24/6组的鼠坐骨神经切断，近端双重结扎，远端埋入股二头肌中。术后对照组每天喂生理盐水 2 ml， EGb24/6组每天喂 EGb24/6 2 ml。术后第 7、 14、 28 d，取 L4～ 6脊髓和 L5背侧神经节做如下检查 :组织学检查 (HE)、焦油紫染色对神经元的数目、形态进行检测； TUNEL标记凋亡的神经元； L5背侧神经节作电镜超微结构观察。结果术后各时间点 EGb24/6组神经元数目均多于对照组 (P< 0.01)，细胞凋亡的数目 EGb24/6组均少于对照组 (P< 0.05)。 L5背侧神经节超微结构观察 :对照组随着时间的推移，神经元细胞核逐渐变小，核质变淡且稀疏，卫星细胞从与神经元紧密相连到与之分离，线粒体肿胀、嵴消失，基质丢失。 EGb24/6组神经元基本正常，细胞器丰富。结论 EGb24/6对神经损伤后相应的神经元有一定的保护作用，能减少神经元的凋亡。Objective To study the effect of extract of leave ginkgo biloba (EGb) for protection of the motor and sensory neurons axotomy-induced in rats. Methods Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 180－ 220 g (8－ 9 weeks of age), were randomly divided into control group and EGb24/6 group. Models of sciatic nerve injury were established by transection of left sciatic nerve at 0.5 cm away from the points of muscular innervation. The proximal stump of sciatic nerve was double ligated to inhibit nerve regeneration. The distal end of the nerve was implanted into the biceps femoris. Then 2 ml of normal saline was given to control group, and 2 ml of EGb24/6 to the EGb24/6 groups daily. The rats were sacrificed in 7,14,28 days after surgery respectively, and then 4％ paraformaladehyde was perfused transcardially. The L4－ 6 spinal cord and L5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) were harvested. HE staining and CV technique were used for detection of the motor neurons and compared with contra-lateral side. TUNEL technique was used for detection of apoptotic motor and sensory neurons. Eletron microscopic technique was used for observation of change of L5 DRG neurons. Result The number of motor neurons was significantly higher in EGb24/6 group in each postoperative period than that in control group (P< 0.01). The number of apoptotic neurons (motor and sensory) were significantly less in EGb24/6 in all postoperative periods than that in control group(P< 0.05). A series of changes happened with the lapse of time in the control group. The size of the nucleus decreased and nucleoplasm was scattered. The nucleolus was pale. Edema, loss of crest and matrix were found in the mitochondria. Satellite cells detached from the neuron cell body. The ultrastructure of L5 DRG sensory neurons in EGb24/6 group changed nearly normal following nerve injury. Conclusion This study demonstrated that EGb seemed to be possible to protect neurons and decrease the neuronal apoptosis.

关 键 词：植物提取物 坐骨神经 凋亡细胞 周围神经损伤 银杏叶提取物 超微结构 EGb24/6 

分 类 号：R651.3[医药卫生—外科学]