体外培养的哺乳动物细胞的葡萄糖和谷氨酰胺代谢  

Glucose and Glutamine Metabolism in Cultured Mammalian Cells

作　　者：高红亮[1] 丛威[1] 欧阳藩[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院化工冶金研究所生化工程国家重点实验室,北京100080

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2000年第2期17-22,共6页Biotechnology Bulletin

摘　　要：综述体外培养哺乳动物细胞的葡萄糖和谷氨酰胺代谢。大部分的葡萄糖通过糖酵解途径为细胞提供中间代谢物质和能量 ,最终生成乳酸 ,只有很少部分进入TCA循环和磷酸戊糖途径。谷氨酰胺通过谷氨酰胺酶生成谷氨酸 ,并进一步通过谷氨酸脱氢酶或转氨酶生成α -酮戊二酸进入TCA循环 ,为细胞提供中间代谢物质和能量。糖酵解和谷氨酰胺代谢 (glutaminolysis)受葡萄糖和谷氨酰胺的影响而相互调节。Glucose and glutamine metabolism in cultured mammlian cells are reviewed in this paper. A large portion of glucose is utilized through glycolysis to provide metabolic intermediates and energy, and ends up in lactate. The portion of glucose entering the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the pentose phosphate pathway for ribose synthesis is normally quite low. Glutamine can be converse to glutamate by glutaminase, and futher converse to α-ketoglutarate by glutamate dehydrogenase or aminotransterase, and enter the tricarboxylic acid cycle to provide metabolic intermediates and energy. Glycolysis and glutaminolysis are jointly regulated to provide sufficient energy and metabolic intermediates required by cells depending on the availability of the two major sources of glucose and glutamine.

关 键 词：哺乳动物细胞 葡萄糖代谢 谷氨酰胺代谢 体外培养 

分 类 号：Q813.11[生物学—生物工程]