嗅神经、嗅球和嗅束的应用解剖  

APPLIED ANATOMY OF OLFACTORY NERVES,BULB AND TRACT

作　　者：纪荣明[1] 周晓平[2] 许家军[1] 张煜辉[1] 曹鹏[1] 黄章翔[1] 汪志军[1] 程林发[1] 党瑞山[1] 

机构地区：[1]第二军医大学解剖学教研室 [2]长海医院神经外科,上海200433

出　　处：《解剖学杂志》2001年第2期179-181,共3页Chinese Journal of Anatomy

摘　　要：目的 :填补国人嗅神经、嗅球和嗅束的形态学资料 ,为鼻腔顶、颅前窝手术提供保护病人嗅觉功能的解剖学依据。材料和方法 :正常成人头颅标本 ,在手术显微镜下解剖观测嗅神经、嗅球和嗅束。结果 :上鼻甲内侧面的嗅丝密度高于鼻中隔上部。上鼻甲外侧列嗅丝数 6～ 1 2条。硬膜、蛛网膜包裹嗅丝至鼻腔顶部呈囊状者为 1 0 %。嗅球前端距大脑额极 1 9.3 3mm ,嗅球中部、嗅束中部、嗅束后端的内侧缘距大脑眶面内侧缘依次为 3 .64mm、6.5 8mm、8.96mm。结论 :提供国人嗅神经、嗅球和嗅束的一些解剖学数据 ,提示鼻腔或经鼻腔至颅前窝入路的手术 ,应尽量保护上鼻甲内侧面粘膜 ,应在一定范围内向上轻拉额叶眶面 。Objective:To Provide morphological data of olfactory nerves,bulb and tract of Chinese to protect olfactory function in the operation of nasal cavity roof and anterior cranial fossae.Methods:Olfactory nerves,bulb and tract were dissected,observed and measured in skull cadavers of normal adults under microsurgical microscope.Results:The density of olfactory nerves was higher in superior nasal concha than in nasal septum.There were 6～12 olfactory nerves in lateral row of superior nasal concha.Cerebral duramater and arachnoid mater wrapped olfactory nerves in nasal cavityro of,which formed bursa in 10% cases.The distance from anterior pole of olfactory bulb to anterior pole of frontal lobe was 19.33 mm.The distance from medial edge of olfactory bulb middle part, of middle part of olfactory tract,posterior pole of olfactory tract to medial edge of orbital surface of frontal lobe was respectively 3.64 mm,6.58 mm,8.96 mm.Conclusion:Anatomical data of Chinese olfactory nerves,bulb and tract are obtained.Mucosa in superior nasal concha is preserved and orbital surface of frontal lobe is pulled up in certain highness to protect olfactory bulb and tract in the operation of nasal cavity or anterior cranial fossae through nasal cavity.

关 键 词：嗅神经 嗅球 嗅束 应用解剖 

分 类 号：R322.94[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]