小儿先天性髋关节脱位的生物力学研究  

Biomechanical Study on Pediatric Congeni tal Dislocation of Hip Joint

作　　者：师宜健[1] 韩慧[1] 邢晖[1] 李秀兰[1] 叶金铎[2] 王志彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市中西医结合骨科研究所,天津300211 [2]天津理工学院

出　　处：《中国骨伤》2001年第4期214-216,共3页China Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

摘　　要：目的　通过先天性髋关节脱位患儿在术中的活体测试 ,对先天性髋关节脱位的生物力学改变进行研究。方法　本研究采用生物力学电测法 ,并利用特种压力传感器 ,对先天性髋关节脱位患儿在术中进行髋关节多点多体位测定 ,同时进行术后等同测定进行比较性研究。测试结果使用ANSYS5 .4有限元软件进行处理。结果　先天性髋关节脱位股骨头顶部及冠状面内 30°为高应力分布区。有限元分析股骨头冠状面 30°及内侧股骨颈载荷变形较大。结论　小儿先天性髋关节脱位发展过程与股骨头颈载荷改变具有明显改变 ,早期的连衣挽具及蛙式支架治疗 ,可部分消除股骨头顶部及冠状面的内30°病理性高应力区 ,使股骨头及臼部得到相对正常的载荷。晚期的Salter及Chiari截骨术可增加股骨头冠状面的外 30°载荷 ,减少股骨颈内侧载荷。Objective To study the biomechanical change of con genital dislocation of hip (CDH) intra o perative in vivo tests.Methods Pediatric patients with CDH were tested in multi point in multi body of postion. Biomechanical electronic methods with sp ecial pressure sensores were used in ope ration and the data were compared with t he same test at the ipsilateral side aft er the operation and then the data were statistically analyzed suing ANSYS 5.4.Results There is a high strass area in the cop a nd 30° around the corona of head of femu r.Limited analysis revealed that within 30° around corona and inside of neck of femur had the largest load and deformity .Conclusion The pediatric CDH is interrelated to loa d in neck of femur.The treatment with cl oth harness in frog fixation in early st age is able to reduce contyloid load nor mally and relevantly.Salter and Chiari o steotomy in later stage may increase loa d in 30°around corona of head of femur,r educe load at the medial side of the nec k of femur.

关 键 词：生物力学 先天性脱位 髋关节 儿童 

分 类 号：R726.847[医药卫生—儿科]