利用需求弹性理论探讨肾综合征出血热灭活疫苗接种价格  

The Demand Flexibility Theory Applied to Study the Price of Vaccination Against Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome

作　　者：阮玉华[1] 郭欣 傅继华[3] 康殿民[3] 张遵宝[3] 王昕宇[3] 张兴录[1] 王克安[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国预防医学科学院全国计划免疫技术指导中心,北京100050 [2]哈尔滨市南岗区卫生防疫站,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [3]山东省卫生防疫站,济南250014

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》2001年第2期109-111,共3页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：利用需求弹性理论探讨肾综合征出血热 (HFRS)灭活疫苗接种价格降低的可行性及其影响因素。在HFRS高发区调查了 82 1人HFRS灭活疫苗接种价格的支付意愿 ,分析和计算了需求的价格弹性系数和总收益。结果表明 :当HFRS灭活疫苗接种价格从 30元降为 2 0元 ,接种率可从 14 6 2 %上升为 30 6 9% ,其弹性系数为 0 98;当接种成本设定为 10元和 11元 ,其接种总收益要分别大于和接近接种价格为 30元的情况。提高HFRS灭活疫苗人群接种率必需降低接种价格 ,接种价格降低的前提是能否降低或控制接种成本 ,其次需采用媒体知识宣传来提高人群HFRS灭活疫苗接种的卫生服备需求。This paper studied the price reducing possibility of vaccination against hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) with the demand flexibility theory, and its affecting factors. Investigation of willingness to pay for vaccination against HFRS in 821 individuals was carried out in high endemic area of HFRS. Price flexibility coefficient of demand and total gains were calculated and studied with thedata surveyed. The results revealed that the immunization coverage rate would be increased from 14.62% to 30.69% and price flexibility coefficient of demand was 0.98, when the price of vaccination was reduced from 30 yuan to 20 yuan; the total gains of vaccination would be greater than or be close to that of 30 yuan, if the vaccination costs were 10 yuan or 11 yuan. So the immunization coverage rate would be improved if the price of vaccination reduced, but such price depends on how to reduce and control the vaccination costs. Also, the demand of vaccination against HFRS in population can be roused through mass media education and behavior intervention to enhance their knowledge and attitude twoard HFRS prevention.

关 键 词：肾综合征出血热 疫苗 价格 成本 弹性系数 总收益 需求弹性理论 HFRS 

分 类 号：R512.8[医药卫生—内科学] R186[医药卫生—临床医学]