农林业系统结构特征和功能特征的研究  

STUDIES ON THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF AGROFORESTRY

作　　者：吴刚[1] 冯宗炜[1] 孔红梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心

出　　处：《河北林学院学报》1993年第2期108-115,共8页

基　　金：中国科学院封丘农业生态试验站基金课题

摘　　要：本文对黄淮海平原豫北地区分布最广的两种类型农林业系统(泡桐-小麦、玉米(PATZ),沙兰杨-小麦、玉米(POTZ)的结构特征和功能特征进行了分析。结果表明:(1)农林业系统是一个多组分、多层次、多功能、多效益的人工生态系统;(2)农林业系统PATZ类型和POTZ类型的现存生物量分别为34985.1和34253.4kg·hm^(-2);年生产力分别为29560.1和30457.4kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1);(3)POTZ类型和POTZ类型的能量现存量分别为55.0095和52.5880×10^(10)J·hm^(-2),年固定能量分别为45.6426和45.8319×10^(10)J.hm^(-2),光能转化率分别为1.835％和1.7405％;(4)PATZ类型和POTZ类型营养元素(N,P,K)的现存量分别为612.005和624.111kg·hm^(-2),年吸收量分别为589242和633.524kg.hm^2,年归还量分别为29.407和29.1kg·hm^(-2),N,P,K的循环率PATZ类型分别为4.1％,4.8％,6.2％;POTZ类型分别为3.25％,5.27％,6.14％。In this article, we have analyzed the structure and function of two-typical agroforestry systems (Paulownia elongata-Triticum sativum and Zea mays (PATZ), Populus x canadensis cv. 'Sacrau 79'-Triticum sativum and Zea mays (POTZ)) in north Henan province in Huanghuaihai plains and compared them with agricultural system (Triticum satuvum and Zea mays (TZ)). The results show that (1) Agroforestry systems are multi-composition, multi-levels, multi-performance and multi-benefits. (2)In PATZ type and POTZ type, the existing biomass are 34985.1 and 34253.4kg / hm2, accumulation biomass for 9 years are 257940.8 and 257404.8kg/hm2, annual productivity are 29560.land 30457.4kg/hm2 ·a, respectively. (3)Tn PATZ type, the existing energy amount are 55.6426 and 52.5880(1010J/hm2),annual net fixed energy amonut are 45.0095 and 45.8319 (1010J/hm2),accumulatcd energy amount are 396.347 and 392.1853 (1010J/hm2),the energy transformation efficicncy of PHAR (ECE = NEP/PHAR×100%) are 1.835% and 1.7405%, respectively. (4) In PATZ type and POTZ type, the existing amount of nutrient elements are 612.005 and 624.111kg/hm2,annual uptake amount are 589.242 and 633.524kg/hm2, annual return amount are 29.407 and 29.1 kg/hm2 ·a, respectively. In PATZ type, the cycling rate (annual return amount/annual uptake amount ×100%) of N, P, K are 4.1%, 4.8%, 6.2% respectively. In POTZ type, the cycling rate of N, P, K are 3.25%, 5.27% and 6.14% respectively. (5)In PATZ type and POTZ type, the net value are 8437 and 8399 Yuan / hm2, the accumulation net value for 9 years are 89151 and 87769 Yuan / hm2 respectively.

关 键 词：农林业系统 结构特征 功能特征 人工生态群落 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学] S718.55