华北平原农田水、氮优化管理  

Water and Nitrogen Optimal Management Under Agricultural Field of the North China Plain

作　　者：黄元仿[1] 李韵珠[1] 李保国[1] 陈德立[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学,北京100094 [2]澳大利亚墨尔本大学

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2001年第2期37-41,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究专项经费!( G19990 1170 0 );ACIAR项目!( LWR1/ 96/ 164 )资助

摘　　要：以华北平原为研究区域 ,根据第二次全国土壤普查资料 ,应用地理信息系统的方法 (ARC/ INFO) ,得出了以 72个典型土壤剖面为代表的华北平原土壤类型分布的概化图。在区域农田土壤水、氮素行为的模拟计算的基础上 ,以水、氮补充量为决策变量 ,以作物产量、1m土体氮素淋洗量、水分利用效率和氮素利用效率为目标 ,建立多目标混合最优化模型 ,采用线性加选择法优选水氮处理。通过模型计算 ,获得了研究区域内六类主要质地、不同降雨年型、冬小麦 -夏玉米轮作条件的较优水氮处理。The North China Plain was selected as the research region of this paper. Based on data of the Second National General Soil Survey, a simplified distribution map of soil types in the North China Plain was obtained with geographic information system (GIS) method (ARC/INFO). There were 72 soil types with the representative profiles. A multiple goal hybrid programming model was also established in this paper, based on the simulation of regional soil water and nitrogen behaviors under agricultural field. Its programming variables were irrigation and nitrogen application. The programming goals were grain yields, nitrogen leaching, at 1 meter depth, water use efficiency (WUE) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). A linear weight coefficient selection method was employed to resolve the programming model. Suitable quantities of water and nitrogen of winter wheat-summer maize rotation system were determined for 6 soils with different texture in different hydrologic year types.

关 键 词：华北平原 土壤水分 氮素行为 优化管理 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学] S274.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]