西风爆发时赤道西太平洋热量平衡的诊断分析  

A Diagnosis of the Heat Balance in the Western Equatorial Pacific Warm Pool during the Westerly Wind Bursts

作　　者：刘海龙[1] 张学洪[1] 李薇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《大气科学》2001年第3期303-316,共14页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家"九五"重中之重项目!"我国短期气候预测系统的研究"(96-908-02-03);优秀国家重点实验室研究项目!(4982-3

摘　　要：西风爆发（ＷＷＢ）对赤道西太平洋暖池ＳＳＴ的影响是ＷＷＢ与ＥＮＳＯ相互作用的一个重要环节。作者运用 ＴＯＧＡ（Ｔｒｏｐｉｃａｌ Ｏｃｅａｎ－Ｇｌｏｂａｌ Ａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｅ）－ＣＯＡＲＥ（Ｃｏｕｐｌｅ Ｏｃｅａｎ－Ａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｅ Ｒｅｓｐｏｎｓｅ Ｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔ）期间暖池海区 ８个浮标的观测资料，根据Ｓｔｅｎｖｅｎ和Ｎｉｉｌｅｒ的热量平衡诊断方法，从能量平衡角度分析了赤道１５６°Ｅ附近ＳＳＴ对１９９２年 ９月到 １９９３年 １月期间两次 ＷＷＢ事件的响应。两次 ＷＷＢ期间， ＳＳＴ都是在ＷＷＢ之前和其后升温，而在ＷＷＢ期间降温，升温和降温的幅度均为ｌ℃左右。热量平衡分析结果表明，季节内时间尺度上海表热通量是导致赤道西太平洋暖池混合层温度变化的主要因素。在海表热通量中，短波辐射和潜热是变化量最大的两项，决定着净通量的正负，其他项的变化则相对较小。水平平流项有时可以超过海表热通量的作用，其作用不可忽略、两次ＷＷＢ的过程中，季节变化造成的混合层的温盐结构和流场结构的差异是导致两次ＷＷＢ事件时上层海洋热量平衡差别的主要因素。另外，混合层的厚度也有明显的变化。The responses of sea surface temperature (SST) in the western equatorial Pacific warm pool to the Westerly Wind Bursts (WWBs) play an important role in the relationship between WWB and ENSO. By using data collected from eight buoys of TOGA (Tropical Ocean-Global Atmosphere)-COARE (Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment), the heat balances of the upper ocean in the western equatorial Pacific around 0°， 156°E during two WWB events are calculated according to Stenven and Niller's method. In both events, SST varied with the common character in that it increased before and after the WWBs and decreased within the WWBs. The range of SST amplitudes approximated to １℃. On the intraseasonal time scale, the variation of SST was dominated by the surface heat flux. On the other hand, the results show that the horizontal heat advection was an important factor in the heat balance and sometimes it may become the biggest term in the heat balance. The main differences in the heat balance between the two WWBs were compared. The different variation of thermal and currents structures in the mixing layers on seasonal time scale accounted for the different varintion of the heat balance during the two events. Additionally, evident variations of the depth of the mixing layer were observed in the two events. And the currents structures and the eastward prop agation of WWBs was considered to be the primary factor which causes the differences of the depth variations of the mixing layer.

关 键 词：西风爆发 赤道 西太平洋 热量平衡 诊断风析 大气流场 海气相互作用 SST 

分 类 号：P434[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P732.6