南海台风状况下海气界面热量交换研究  

A Research on Air-Sea Interface Heat Exchange under the Typhoon over the South China Sea

作　　者：吴迪生[1,2] 邓文珍[3] 张俊峰[1] 何一金 白毅平[1] 宋萍萍[1] 詹进源[1] 林晓能[1] 陈惠君[1] 郭卫平[1] 王祖渊[1] 曹勇生[1] 蔡扬[1] 唐元春[4] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局广州海洋预报台 [2]北京大学暴雨监测与预测国家重点实验室,北京100871 [3]中国民航中南管理局空中交通管理局气象中心技术科研资料室 [4]中山大学

出　　处：《大气科学》2001年第3期329-341,共13页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目!G1998040900第一部分;国家自然科学基金!49675264

摘　　要：根据国家海洋局南海分局的Ｍａｒｅｘ（马瑞克斯）数据浮标观测资料、南海断面线调查资料和西沙海洋站资料，计算了南海海气界面热量交换值。研究结果表明：不论是夏季还是秋季，在台风环流内海气界面热量交换均非常强烈，主要贡献来自潜热通量（Ｑｖ），位于（２０．４９°Ｎ， １１４．１４°Ｅ）附近海域。夏季台风环流内显热通量（Ｑｋ）出现负值，海面有效反射辐射（Ｑｅ）出现减弱现象；秋冬季节台风环流内Ｑｋ量值增加显著均为正值，Ｑｅ有加强的现象。分析实测资料发现： １９６１～ １９８９年 ８次 Ｅ１ Ｎｉｎｏ事件过程中，西沙海洋站水温比赤道太平洋水温提早出现增暖现象的有４次，水温推迟出现增暖现象的也是４次。西沙海洋站水温增暖出现在１２月的仅有 １次。 Ｅｌ Ｎｉｎｉｏ事件发生后，南海水温异常增暖，但是海气界面热量交换反而减弱。On the basis of data collected by the South China Sea Branch Marex buoy, science research of the South China ocean and obversation station on Xisha, we computed the value of air-sea heat exchange over the South China sea. The research results show that in the circumfluence of the phoon, the air-sea heat exchange is very strong in summer and autumn. The main contribution to the heat is from latent heat fluxes (Qv). In summer, there is negative sensible heat fluxes (Qk) near the ocean of (20.49°N, 1 14.4°E), and the net long wave radiation appears to be very weak. But in autumn and winter, in the same area, the sensible heat fluxes (Q k ) is added so much that its value becomes positive. At the same time, the net long-wave radiation (Qe ) becomes stronger in the two seasons than that in summer. Analysing the data from the SST of Xisha, we can find that in the eight El Nino events of 1961 to 1989, there are four El Nino events during which SST of Xisha became warm earlier than that of the equatorial Pacific and the other four El Nino events during which the SST of the Xisha became warm later than SST of the equatorial Pacific. There was only one event during which the SST in Xisha became warm in December. When El Nino occurred, the sea surface temperature of the South China Sea became warmer. However, the air-sea heat exchange became weaker.

关 键 词：南海 台风 热量交换 海气相互作用 环流 马瑞克斯数据 

分 类 号：P732.6[天文地球—海洋科学] P444