防洪减灾决策中的分解协调优化方法  

The System Decomposition and Coordination Approach to Optimal Operation of Flood Control System

作　　者：都金康[1] 张健挺[1] 王腊春[1] 许有鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学城市与资源学系,南京210093

出　　处：《南京大学学报（自然科学版）》2001年第3期288-295,共8页Journal of Nanjing University（Natural Science）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助 (4 97710 2 0 )

摘　　要：研究了防洪减灾决策系统的一般结构、特征、目标及其应遵循的约束条件 .在此基础上 ,构造了一种防洪决策的数学模型 ,分析了模型的特点及求解困难 ,提出了一种求解该模型的有效方法———系统分解协调方法 .最后用实例演示了防洪决策系统中该种模型的具体构造及其求解过程 .实例研究表明 ,系统分解协调方法是求解大型防洪减灾决策模型的有效途径和手段 .The general structures, characteristics, objectives, and constraints of optimal operation of flood control systems were discussed, and a description model of optimal flood operation was formulated. The features of the model structure and difficulties in seeking for the optimal solution were analyzed. An effective approach, system decomposition and coordination method, for finding the optimal solution of the model was put forward. The general structure of the approach for complicated flood control system and computation procedure for the optimal solution were described. A case study was carried out to demonstrate the model's building and solution finding process. For the study area, the flood control system was decomposed into three subsystems: flood storage subsystem, flood diversion subsystem, and embankment subsystem. The general objective of the system was to minimize total economic losses or total inundation area or total leading-disaster water. The constraints for the three subsystems included water balance equation for reservoirs, water balance equation and momentum equation in channel, water flooding dynamics in diversion area, and other physical, social, economic conditions. The solution for each objective was found by using decomposition and coordination method. The case study showed the effectiveness of System Approach in solving complicatied problems of optimal flood control.

关 键 词：分解协调方法 优化调度 防洪减灾决策系统 数学模型 目标函数 约束条件 

分 类 号：TV87[水利工程—水利水电工程]