贵州土壤养分含量的变化与施肥管理  

Variations of soil nutrient content and fertilization in Guizhou

作　　者：陈旭晖[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2001年第2期121-128,共8页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

摘　　要：为了解近年来化肥施用量倍增后 ,贵州农田土壤养分含量的变化 ,在 1985年土壤调查的基础上 ,1998年再次进行了土壤和肥料调查。调查结果表明 ,在目前有机肥与化肥相结合 ,养分供应以化肥为主的施肥结构下 ,水田土壤有机质和氮、磷含量有所增加 ,旱地土壤有机质和全氮含量下降 ,土壤磷素有积累。由于钾肥施用不足 ,水田、旱地土壤钾素含量都明显降低。土壤微量元素中 ,有效态硼、锌、钼普遍增加。今后需增加钾肥的施用 ,并重视施用有机肥、秸杆还田和防治水土流失 ,以培肥土壤 。In order to find out the variations of soil nutrient content in farmlands of Guizhou, a survey of soil and fertilizer was conducted again in 1998, based on the survey results of 1985 Results showed that the contents of soil organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus in paddy fields increased year after year, under the application of chemical fertilizer combined with organic manure, even if the chemical fertilizer played a leading role in the supply of nutrient In upland fields, the soil phosphorus content was also increased, whereas soil organic matter and potassium were obvious reduced The contents of soil microelements—available boron, zinc and molybdenum generally increased in upland and paddy fields Hence it is necessary to increase the application of potash fertilizer and to pay attention to the use of organic manure, the return of straw to farmland and the control of soil and water losses in order to improve soil fertility and to promote the development of sustainable agriculture

关 键 词：贵州 农田养分平衡 农田土壤养分含量 肥料结构 施肥管理 土壤培肥措施 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]