红色粘土型金矿成因矿物学特征  

CHARACTERISTICS OF GENETIC MINERALOGY OF RED-CLAY TYPE OF GOLD DEPOSIT

作　　者：杨竹森[1] 高振敏[1] 李胜荣[2] 罗泰义[1] 李红阳[1] 饶文波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所矿床地球化学开放实验室,贵州贵阳550002 [2]中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院,北京100083

出　　处：《现代地质》2001年第2期216-221,共6页Geoscience

基　　金：中国科学院重大项目! A (KZ-95 1-A1-4 0 4-0 2 ) ;国家自然科学基金!项目 (498730 2 1) ;云南省省院省校科技合作项目!(YK980 0 8-0

摘　　要：红色粘土型金矿是表生湿热气候条件下含金基岩经不彻底的红土化作用而形成的一种新类型金矿床。以云南上芒岗、贵州老万场和湖北蛇屋山金矿为例 ,对红色粘土型金矿的成因矿物学特征进行了研究。结果表明 ,表生成因的高岭石 +伊利石 +针铁矿 +自然金组合可作为该类型金矿的标型矿物组合 ;高岭石的 ( 0 0 1 ) X射线衍射峰半高宽可作为标型特征反映介质的酸性程度和硅、铝的饱和程度 ,进而指示金的富集部位 ;针铁矿中的铝置换率可反映红土化程度和粘土中的含水量 ,进而指示古潜水面的位置 ;金的粒度、形态和赋存状态可反映金的迁移富集程度和富集机制。As a new type of gold deposit, the red clay type of gold deposit developed from gold bearing bedrock by incomplete lateritization under humid and wet climate is one of the front issues studied in economic geology recently. The characteristics of genetic mineralogy of this type of gold deposits such as Shangmanggang of Yunnan, Laowanchang of Guizhou and Shewushan of Hubei are studied in this paper.The results show that the supergene mineral assemblage of kaolinite + illite + goethite + native gold is the typomorphic mineral assemblage of the red clay type of gold deposit. The width at half high of (001) X ray diffraction peak of kaolinite can operate as typomorphic peculiarity to show the acidity and Si and Al saturation in weathering fluid,and further indicate the enrichment location of gold. Al substitution of goethite shows the lateritization degree and the water content in red clay profile, and further indicates the position of ancient groundwater table. The granularity, morphology and existent states of gold can imply the migration and enrichment degree and the reprecipitation mechanism of gold.

关 键 词：红色粘土型金矿床 成因矿物学 矿物标型特征 标型矿物组合 红土化作用 赋存状态 

分 类 号：P618.51[天文地球—矿床学] P571[天文地球—地质学]