毒鼠强的毒理学和二巯丙磺钠的特效解毒效应  

The Toxicology of Tetramine and the Special Detoxicating effect of Unithiol

作　　者：陈志康[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省温州医学院药理学教研室,325027

出　　处：《药物流行病学杂志》2001年第2期63-66,共4页Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology

基　　金：浙江省教委资助项目<二巯基化合物对毒鼠强急性中毒的解毒和机制>NO .990 45 4

摘　　要：目的 :综述二巯丙磺钠对毒鼠强急性中毒的特效解毒效应 ,简述毒鼠强的毒理学。方法 :进行毒鼠强急性中毒动物的整体、在位、离体的实验研究和染毒患者的临床观察。结果 :毒鼠强对动物有剧毒 ,缺乏选择毒性。中毒动物因持续强直性惊厥导致呼吸衰竭死亡。经二巯丙磺钠保护后的实验动物可提高毒鼠强的t1 /2 ,显著延长惊厥潜伏期 ,减少惊厥发作次数 ,缩短惊厥持续时间 ,降低死亡率。脑室内注射 (icv)二巯丙磺钠可显著降低毒鼠强的惊厥发生率和死亡率。结论 :二巯丙磺钠对毒鼠强急性中毒患者和动物均显示特效解毒效应。Objective: To review the special detoxicating effect of unithiol on tetramine, a non-metal rodenticide and discuss the toxicology of tetramine. Methods: Whole body, in vivo, in vitro experiments were performed on animals with acute poisoning of tetramine and clinical observation was conducted in patients with exposure to the poisin. Results:Tetramine showed extremely strong toxicity and lacked selective toxicity. The animals with poisoning died due to respiratory failure caused by persistent tetanic convulsion. The protective treatment with unithiol enhanced the T 1/2 of tetramine, significantly prolonged the latent period, reduced the times of convulsion onset, decreased the time of convulsion and lowered the death rate. Intracerebroventricular administration of unithiol could significantly reduce the frequency of convulsion onset and death and could significantly lower the amplitude of spike wave of EEG and inhibit the tetanic convulsion, keep the intracerebral free amino acid, γ-aminobutyric acid and aminoglutaric acid at normal levels and substantially increase the binding of GABA with receptors in cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Conclusion: Unithiol has detoxicating effect on the tetramine poisoing in both animals and patients.

关 键 词：毒鼠强 二巯丙磺钠 中毒 解毒 农药 

分 类 号：R595.4[医药卫生—内科学]