西北干旱区山地—绿洲—荒漠系统信息传递耦合关系  

Information transmission and coupling relation in mountain-oasis-desert system in arid areas in Northwest China

作　　者：王让会[1] 马映军[2] 彭茹燕[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆遥感中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [3]新疆工学院资源与环境工程系,新疆乌鲁木齐830008

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2001年第2期100-105,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目! (G1 9990 4 3 50 9) ;中国科学院"九五"资源与生态环境研究重大项目!(KZ951 -B1 -2 1 3 -0 2 )资助

摘　　要：在干旱区的山盆体系中 ,胡杨、柽柳等天然植被的繁衍过程 ,是对热量、水分、土壤、气候等环境要素综合信息的反馈。太阳辐射量的变化 ,制约了生物和相关环境要素的分布格局。水资源的形成、转化、消耗过程中 ,与环境中的土壤、大气及生物发生水力联系 ,并输送了大量的泥沙、矿物质及无机盐类 ;地表水、地下水、土壤水、植物需水及其相互转化过程中 ,存在着极其复杂的关系。无论是水分的蒸散、渗漏、运移及植物吸收 ,还是 N、P等矿质元素的循环 ,都随地理环境的不同而有所不同 ,土壤微生物在其整个过程中 ,发挥着极其重要的作用 ,人为的灌溉、开垦、施肥、管理等措施 ,直接给土壤赋以附加信息。各种自然地理要素和人文因素的发展变化 ,沟通和联系着山地、绿洲及荒漠系统间的复杂关系。The developing process of natural vegetation of Poplus euphratica and Tamarix spp. is an information feedback for environmental elements including heat energy, water, soil and climate etc. The change of solar radiance restricted distribution pattern of organism and environmental elements. During the process of formation and transformation as well as consumption of water resource, soil and atmosphere and organism of environment have hydraulic relation with water. Meanwhile, clay-sand and mineral materials as well as inorganic salts are transmitted. Some complicated relations are existed in transformation among surface water, groundwater, soil moisture and vegetation water demand. During the water transformation, either evaporation, seepage, motion and vegetation absorbtance, or some mineral element cycle including nitrification and phosphor vary along with geographical environment changes. Soil microorganism plays an important function during the whole process. Moreover, several man-made measures, such as irrigation, reclamation, fertilization and management, directly added some information in soil. The development and variation of natural geographical and artificial elements communication with intricate relation in mountain-oasis-desert system.

关 键 词：山地 绿放 生态系统 荒漠 信息传递 耦合关系 西北干旱区 

分 类 号：Q148[生物学—生态学]