高温环境中饲粮电解质平衡值对生长猪生产性能及血液指标的影响  

THE EFFECTS OF DIETARY ELECTROLYTE BALANCE ON THE PERFORMANCE AND SPECIFIC BLOOD PARAMETERS OF GROWING PIGS

作　　者：郑黎[1] 蒋宗勇[1] 余德谦[1] 林映才[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院畜牧研究所,广东广州510640

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2001年第2期10-14,42,共6页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

摘　　要：试验共采用20kg 左右的杜×(大×长)仔猪48头 ,均分为6个处理组。1～6处理组饲粮电解质平衡值(dEB)分别为50、150、200、250、300和400meq/kg,研究了dEB对20～50kg 生长猪生产性能、腹泻率、饮水量和血液生理生化指标的影响。结果表明 :在日最低和最高气温分别为28.4℃和34.6℃的高温环境中 ,dEB对猪的生产性能、腹泻率及血液中钠、钾离子浓度没有显著的影响(P>0.05) ,但显著影响其饮水量(P≤0.01)、碳酸氢根离子(P≤0.05)、碱储(P≤0.01)、pH值(P≤0.01)、二氧化碳浓度(P≤0.1)和血清尿素氮(P≤0.1)。就机体酸碱平衡和氮代谢、抗酸中毒能力而言 ,生长猪饲粮dEB值以300meq/kgD×Y×L cross breed pigs weighing about 20kg were fed a basic diet with 6 levels of electrolyte balance(EB) (50,150,200,250,300,and 400meq/kg,respectively) under an environment at 34.6℃ or 28.4℃ air temperatures.The blood K+ of Na+ concentration,diarrhea rate or performance of pigs were not affected by dietary EB levels,but water consumption significantly increased when dietary BE was higher than 300meq/kg(P≤0.01).The pig's blood HCO3- concentration (P≤0.05),base excess(P≤0.01),and pH(P≤0.01) increased linearly (R2=0.89～0.94) or quadratically (R2=0.95～0.98) to the peak when dietary EB changing from 50 to 300meq/kg,after that there was no significantly change observed(P>0.1).Serum urea nitrogen and blood CO2 pressure decreased quadratically (R2=0.89～0.93) or triply (R2=0.96～1.00) to the valley bottoms when dietary EB changing from 50 to 300meq/kg(P≤0.1),after that they tended to increase.It was concluded that at high ambient temperature,there was no effect of dietary EB levels on the blood K+ or Na+ concentration or performance of growing pigs.But blood acid-base status and nitrogen metabolism was significantly affected by dietary EB levels.The blood buffering capacity and nitrogen deposition of growing pigs were superior,when the dietary EB was about 300meq/kg.

关 键 词：生长猪 环境温度 电解质平衡值 生产性能 酸碱平衡 氮代谢 血液指标 饲料 

分 类 号：S828.5[农业科学—畜牧学]