引燃式烟雾剂发烟效果评价指标与最优配方的筛选  

Selection-out of Both Efficacy's Assessment Indices of Fuse-induced Smoke Insecticide and Optimum Formula

作　　者：唐萌[1] 伍世平 谈伟君[1] 孙晓武 钟细华[4] 戴旭峰 

机构地区：[1]东南大学公共卫生学院,南京210009 [2]铁道部劳动与卫生司 [3]美国罗得岛大学医学院 [4]复旦大学

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2001年第3期209-212,共4页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：铁道部站车卫生基金资助项目

摘　　要：目的 :探讨引燃式灭蟑烟雾剂的发烟效果评价指标及其最优配方。方法 :根据引燃式灭蟑烟雾剂的技术指标与经济简便原则 ,推断烟剂发烟效果评价指标 ,以及利用正交设计方法筛选出烟剂最优配方。结果 :以引芯点燃难易程度、有无明火、有无喷射状、平均发烟时间 (s/ 10 .0 g)、落下灰颗粒数 (颗 / 0 .2mm× 0 .2mm)及其分布均匀性 (颗粒分布变异系数表示 )等为发烟效果评价指标 ,考虑各评价指标的权重 ;遵照正交设计原理〔1〕,推断出烟剂最优配方。按最优配方配制的烟雾剂 ,用引芯易引燃、无明火、发烟较缓和、速度适宜 (约 30～ 5 0s/ 10g)、残渣无余火 ,燃烧完全 ;落下灰分散度较好 ,颗粒 ≤ 15 μm占5 0 .8% (以数量百分比计 ,下同 )、≤ 30 μm占2 6 .4%、>30 μm占 2 2 .8% ;成本相对较低廉 ,较经验配方节省约 10 %。结论 :该烟雾剂评价指标客观确切 ,灵敏度高 ,经济 ,简单易行 ,符合烟雾剂技术指标和实际应用要求 ,在此筛选标准下配制的灭蟑烟雾剂 ,发烟效果良好 ,配制简便 ,使用方便、经济 。Objective: To pioneer out both efficacy's assessment indices and optimum formula of fuse-induced smoke insecticide of B.germanica . Methods:Assessment indices based on technological quality must be economic and convenient to use and its optimum formula is weeded out by means of orthogonal layout statistics. Result: Such indices of different weight as fuse-induced difficulty, combustion, jet, smoking time, quantity of aerosol, et al, are then conformed to principles of orthogonal layout for deducing the optimum formula. Under the formula, the smoke insecticide compounded with pesticides like permethrin, d-cyphenothrin, cypermethrin, S 2, et al, and materials, for example, potassium, carbon power, ammonium chlorate, talcum power, et al, is easily fuse-induced at the appropriate speed of 30-50s/10g, and of no combustion, no sparks in the residual dregs, although good smoke-carrying distribution of aerosols with their diameters varying from ≤15μm( 50.8 %),≤30μm( 26.4 %), to >30μm( 22.8 %) in the samples and less expensive cost. Conclusions: With these indices objective, accurate, sensitive, economic and convenient to use, the smoke insecticide compounded is so good that it is worth expanding in the real life.

关 键 词：烟雾剂 评价指标 配方 正交设计 德国小蠊 杀虫剂 

分 类 号：R979.8[医药卫生—药品]