鲻鱼(Mugil cephalus)寄生蠕虫群落生态研究  

Studies on community ecology of helminthes parasitic in Mugil cephalus in Guangdong Province,China

作　　者：吴金英[1] 吕军仪[1] 曾华[1] 杨大伟[1] 陈志胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学生命科学学院,广州510275

出　　处：《生态学报》2001年第6期1003-1008,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目!( No.3 91 70 60 5)

摘　　要：从 1 0 1 7尾鲻鱼 ( Mugil cephalus)肠道内获得寄生蠕虫 9种 ,均为常见种类 ,即复殖吸虫 ( Digeneans) 8种 ,棘头虫( Acanthodephala) 1种 ,总感染率为 2 4 .0 % ,平均感染强度 8.73 ,种群平均密度 2 .1 0 ,其中惠东拟囊腔吸虫 ( Saccocoe-lioideshuidongensis)的感染率、感染强度和平均密度最大。鲻鱼寄生蠕虫群落多样性指数为 2 .0 1 93 ,群落均匀度指标为0 .63 70。鲻鱼感染寄生蠕虫种数在 1～ 3种之间 ,优势种 1种 ,为惠东拟囊腔吸虫 ;次优势种 3种 ,分别为鲻长尾吸虫 ( E-longinus mugilus)、单睾椭囊吸虫 ( Elliptobursa singlorchis)和圆颚针鱼新棘吻虫 ( Neoechinorhynchustylosuri) ;非优势种 5种 ,分别为楔形单脏吸虫 ( H aplosplanchnuscuneatus)、长形单脏吸虫 ( H aplosplanchnuselongatus)、双睾原单脏吸虫 ( Pro-haplosplanchusdiorchis)、粤东纵睾吸虫 ( Tandemorchisyuedongensis)和浦里单脏吸虫 ( H aplosplanchnuspurii)。鲻鱼寄生蠕虫复合群落和组分群落在一年四季中均由 9种蠕虫组成 ,其感染率、平均感染强度和平均密度变化各有所不同 ,即从夏季开始 ,鲻鱼寄生蠕虫总感染率和各组分群落的平均密度则逐渐增高 ,冬季达到一个高峰 ,随后逐渐下降 ;鲻鱼寄生蠕虫复合群落的平均密度从?Nine species of helminthes, including 8 digeneans and 1 acanthocephala were collected from 1017 \%Mugil cephalus.\% The component communities were dominated by digeneans. The total infection rate was 24.0%, the mean intensity of infection and the abundance of the helminthes were 8.73 and 2.10, respectively. Among the 9 species sampled, \%Saccocoelioides huidongensis\% had the highest total infection rate, mean infection intensity and abundance. The species diversity and equitablity index of helminth communities was 2.0193 and 0.6370, respectively. \%Mugil cephalus\% were infected by 1 to 3 species of helminthes which was all aggregated. In the helminth component communities, \%Saccocoelioides huidongensis\% was dominant species. \%Elonginus mugilus, Elliptobursa singlorchis\% and \%Neoechinorhynchus tylosuri\% were subdominant species and the others were non\|dominant species, which were \%Haplosplanchnus cuneatus, Haplosplanchnus elongatus, Prohaplosplanchus diorchis, Tandemorchis yuedongensis, Haplosplanchnus purii\% respectively. The total prevalence of helminthes and mean abundance of component community increased from summer, and reached a maximum value in winter,and then decreased.The mean abundance if compound community of helminthes decreased from winter,and reached a minimum value in autumn.The prevalence of \%Neoechinorhynchus tylosuri\% was different from the other eight species of digeneans.Interspecific association analysis indicated that there were not significant positive of negative associations among 9 helminth species.

关 键 词：鲻鱼 寄生蠕虫 群落生态 

分 类 号：Q958.9[生物学—动物学]