金鱼对铅和镉的吸收蓄积  

ACCUMULATIONS OF LEAD AND CADMIUM IN GOLDFISH, CARASSIUS AURATUS

作　　者：刘长发[1] 陶澍[1] 龙爱民[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学系,北京100871

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2001年第4期344-349,共6页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家杰出青年基金 ( 4952 51 0 2 ) ;辽宁省科学技术基金 ( 0 0 1 0 55)资助项目

摘　　要：研究了铅、镉暴露实验中金鱼不同器官组织吸收积累铅、镉的过程及蓄积量。结合到金鱼鳃上的铅、镉可用Langmuir吸附等温式描述。最大结合容量Bmax为 :铅 0 942 4mmol/kg干重 ;镉1 7662 μmol/kg干重 ,条件稳定常数logK为 :铅 7 80 ;镉 6 38。Hill结合特征常数为 :铅 1 0 1 2 ;镉1 1 75,表明金鱼鳃上仅有一种类型的Pb2 +或Cd2 +结合位点。鳃中铅、镉含量与血液含量以及血液铅、镉含量与肾、肝中的含量呈正相关关系。肾脏对铅、镉的蓄积量高于其他器官。Accumulations of lead and cadmium in gills, blood, liver, kidney, gut and muscle of goldfish, Carassius auratus var. exposed to various concentrations of either lead or cadmium were studied. The Langmuir isotherms were employed to describe the gill surface binding activity of lead or cadmium. The binding capacities (B max ) and conditional equilibrium constants (log K) were 0.9424 mmol/kg dry wt and 7.80 for lead, 1.7662 μmol/kg dry wt and 6.38 for cadmium, respectively. The binding cooperativities (H n) were very closed to unit (1.012 for lead and 1.175 for cadmium) indicating independent binding to the sites with one apparent affinity. There were positive correlations of metal contents between gills and blood and between blood and kidney or liver. There were more metal accumulated in kidney than in other organs.

关 键 词：金鱼 铅 镉 吸收 积累 重金属 毒性 天然水 

分 类 号：X503.225[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X835