西双版纳傣族“龙山”片断热带雨林蚂蚁类群结构与多样性研究  

Studies on structure and diversity of ant groups in the fragmentary tropical rainforests of ‘Holy Hills' of Dai nationality in Xishuangbanna, China

作　　者：杨效东[1] 佘宇平[1] 张智英[1] 曹敏[1] 邓小保[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园,昆明650223

出　　处：《生态学报》2001年第8期1321-1328,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院"九五"重大研究 (KZ95 1 -A1 -1 0 4 );中国科学院特别支持项目 (STZ-1 -1 8);云南省科学基金(1 999C0 0 2 1 Q)资助项目

摘　　要：在西双版纳热带雨林地区 ,采用陷阱法 (Pitfall traps)对 2类龙山片断雨林和保护区连续雨林蚂蚁类群进行取样调查 ,样地内共获取蚂蚁 91 96号 ,隶属 6亚科 ,2 8属 ,5 3种 ,其属种和个体数量以切叶蚁亚科 (Myrmicinae)最多。不同生境群落组成分差异较大 ,优势种变化明显。对 3种蚂蚁类群多样性研究分析表明 :保护区连续雨林的多样性、均匀性指数高于龙山片断雨林 ,群落相似性以 2类龙山林最高 ,各林地蚂蚁类群物种分布的种 -多度关系为对数级数模式。片断化雨林面积、植被结构。The pitfall traps were used to sampled ant in two fragmentary dry tropical seasonal rainforest of ‘Holy Hills’ of Dai nationality and one continuous moistness tropical seasonal rainforest of Nature Reserve in Xishuangbanna area on August in 1997 and March in 1998. The species and individuals composition of ant groups were studied in three rainforests. The D MA , J, d, Ds, H′ index and the pattern of relative abundance of species were used for comparing the diversity of ants in three habitats. The results showed that the total number of ants collected were 9196 which consist of 6 families, 28 genera, and 53 species. The largest number of individuals and species belonged to Myrmicinae. In each habitat there were great differences in the species composition and dominant species. Species richness, species abundance and diversity of ants in the Nature Reserve were higher than those in the ‘Holy Hills' study areas. There was a species area effect operating on ants diversity with decreasing fragment area. The species similarity between the two ‘Holy Hills' study areas was higher than that between these areas and the Nature Reserve. The pattern of relative abundance of species in all sites followed a Log series distribution. The area of fragmentary rainforest, structure of vegetation, degree of isolation and human disturbance are important factors which affect the structure and diversity of ants.

关 键 词：龙山 片段热带雨林 蚂蚁 多样性 类群结构 西双版纳 

分 类 号：Q969.554.2[生物学—昆虫学]