降解淀粉与乙烯基类单体接枝聚合物的合成及应用  

Synthesis and Application of Graft Copolymer of Degraded Starch and Vinyl Monomers

作　　者：吕生华[1] 马建中[1] 吕庆强[1] 杨宗邃[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北轻工业学院皮革工程系,陕西咸阳712081

出　　处：《精细化工》2001年第5期281-283,共3页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!资助项目 (5 98730 17) ;陕西省教委专项科研计划项目! (0 0JK2 0 9)&&

摘　　要：适当降解的玉米淀粉与乙烯基类单体在引发剂作用下通过接枝聚合得到了改性淀粉鞣剂。当体系中w (降解淀粉 ) =10 %、w (乙烯基类单体 ) =2 0 %、引发剂质量为反应物质量的2 .0 %、反应温度为 5 0℃、反应时间为 1 5h时所得聚合物的接枝百分率为 87%、接枝效率为94%及接枝频率为 43。用其预鞣时可减少铬鞣剂用量 30 %～ 5 0 % ,铬鞣废液中铬含量降低到 ρ(Cr2 O3) =0 .2 6g/L ,用其复鞣时所得成革的选择填充性显著。成品革丰满柔软 ,粒面细腻。The title compound was synthesized by graft copolymerization of degraded starch with vinyl monomers in the presence of initiator. When the mass concentration of starch and vinyl monomers was 10% and 20% respectively, the mass of initiator to reactant was 2.0%, reaction temperature was 50°C, and reaction time was 1.5 h, the graft percentage was 87%, the graft efficiency was 94%, and the graft frequency was 43 AGU in a graft chain of vinyl polymer. Pretanning with this copolymer followed by chrome tanning led to reduction of the amount of chrome tanning agent by 30%-50% and free Cr in effluent was reduced to 0.26 g Cr2O3/L. The finished leather had many good quality characteristics such as feel, softness and fullness.

关 键 词：降解淀粉 乙烯基类单体 接枝聚合物 预鞣 复鞣 合成 铬鞣 

分 类 号：TQ326.9[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]