影响唇腭裂患儿智能发育的因素  

Factors Involved in Intelligent Development of Children with Cleft Lip and Palate

作　　者：陈振东[1] 陈京奕[1] 吴金环[2] 张学强[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省邯郸市中心医院口腔科,056001 [2]河北省邯郸市中心医院儿科智测门诊,056001

出　　处：《华西口腔医学杂志》2001年第3期174-177,共4页West China Journal of Stomatology

摘　　要：目的 :探讨影响唇腭裂患儿智能发育的因素。方法 :随机对 14岁以下唇腭裂患儿 15 2例及对照组健康儿童80名进行智商 (IQ)或发育商 (DQ)测查 ,同时调查患儿畸形类型和程度、围产期情况、喂养方式、患儿心理状况、父母概况及儿童教育等 ,所得资料经统计学处理 ,进行比较。结果 :唇腭裂患儿IQ(DQ)总体上属正常范围 ,但低于对照组 (P <0 0 1) ;唇裂组及腭裂组均优于唇腭裂组 ,Ⅱ°畸形优于Ⅲ°畸形 ,母乳喂养优于人工喂养 ,5岁以上患儿均有不同程度的心理障碍 ,家长有各种不同精神压力。结论 :唇腭裂患儿的智能发育受多种因素影响 ,其中畸形类型程度影响最显著 ,喂养方式、疾病及社会心理因素分别在患儿发育的不同阶段产生重要影响。因此 ,应在患儿智能发育关键期 (5岁以前 )Objective:The objective of this study was to investigate the possible factors involved in intelligent development of children with cleft Lip and palate. Methods:The intelligence quotient (IQ) and developmental quotient (DQ) of 152 children with cleft lip and palate under 14 years old were conducted, and the control group was made up of 80 healthy children. The considered factors included degrees of deformation, situation of perinatal period, way of feeding, psychological conditions of the children, general situation of their parents and education of these children. The data were statistically analyzed and compared. Results:The IQ value of these children generally was normal, but the mean value was still lower than that of the control group (P<0.01). The mean IQ value of the group of children with only cleft lip or cleft palate was higher than that of the group with both cleft lip and cleft palate, and the mean IQ value of these children with Ⅱ°deformity was higher than that of children with Ⅲ°deformity. The mean IQ value of these children feed with mother's milk was higher than that of those feed with artificial milk. These children more than 5 years old were disturbed psychologically, and their parents were also with pressure. Conclusion:The intelligent development of children with cleft lip and palate is affected by many factors, including types and degrees of deformity, feeding ways, illnesses and social psychological factors in different periods of development. Therefore, it is very important to take steps before 5 years old, including correctly feeding, repairing the deformity as early as possible, preventing the illnesses, necessary psychological treatment, improving social environment.

关 键 词：唇裂 腭裂 智能发育 儿童 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]