自杀未遂危险因素的病例对照研究  

A case-control study on attempted suicide

作　　者：李献云[1] 杨荣山[2] 张迟[2] 卞清涛[3] 及惠郁[1] 王玉萍[2] 郑玉新[2] 何凤生[2] 费立鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京回龙观医院临床流行病学研究室,100096 [2]中国预防医学科学院 [3]山东省济宁市精神病防治院

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2001年第4期281-283,共3页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

摘　　要：目的　探讨自杀未遂的独立危险因素以及精神疾病在自杀行为危险因素中的相对重要性。方法　对就诊于综合医院的 15 2例自杀未遂者和按 1∶1匹配的对照组用自制问卷进行调查。结果　自杀未遂组患精神病的比例显著高于对照组 (37.7%比 4.0 % ,配对 χ2 =45 .45 ,P <0 .0 0 1)。条件logistic回归分析结果显示自杀未遂有三个独立的危险因素 :急性应激强度大 (OR =6 7.47,95 %CI8.85～ 5 14.5 6 )、患有精神疾病 (OR =13.85 ,95 %CI 2 .0 1～ 95 .5 5 )和负性生活事件在近一年对心理的影响程度大 (OR =5 .40 ,95 %CI 1.12～ 2 6 .0 8)。结论　精神疾病是导致自杀未遂的一个重要因素但不是必然因素。Objective To assess the independent risk factors of attempted suicide and the importance of mental illness as a risk factor. Methods Detailed assessments of 152 suicide attempters treated in general hospitals and 152 matched controls through questionaires. Results The rate of mental illness in the suicide attempters' group was significantly higher than that in the control group (37.7% versus 4.0 %, paired Chi square= 45.45 , P < 0.001 ). Conditional logistic regression identified three independent predictors of suicidal behavior: severe acute stress ( OR = 67.47 , 95% CI : 8.85 514.56 ), presence of mental illness ( OR = 13.85 , 95% CI : 2.01 95.55 ), and immense psychological effect of negative life events in the prior year ( OR = 5.30 , 95% CI : 1.12 26.08 ). Conclusion Mental illness is an important risk factor of attempted suicide, but not an essential pre condition of suicide attempts. It is important to establish a national suicide prevention plan that which is pertinent to the conditions in China.

关 键 词：危险因素 自杀未遂 病例对照研究 精神疾病 

分 类 号：R181.39[医药卫生—流行病学]