激光对小麦远缘杂交的效应  

Effects of laser on wheat distant hybridization

作　　者：张显志[1] 王成文[1] 曾级芳[1] 秦一楠 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学

出　　处：《激光杂志》1991年第5期257-261,共5页Laser Journal

摘　　要：1988年～1990年,作者应用He-Ne激光和N_2分子激光辐照父本“荆州黑麦”、“秦岭黑麦”、“赤水黑麦”的花粉,对小麦的属间杂交(普通小麦×黑麦)进行了研究。远缘杂交所获种子的结实率比对照提高75.0—250.0％,籽粒饱满度超过对照,多数籽粒饱满度为二级,尚有部分达一级。L_1代的出苗率和成活率有较大的提高。其L_1代种子、植株和穗的多数特征呈中间型或似父本,其余特点象母本。并且在L_1植株中获得了染色体自然加倍的双二倍体,即小黑麦种子。 长期以来,对小麦远缘杂交结实率极低,籽粒饱满度极差的问题有了新的进展,为小麦远缘杂交育种工作开辟了新的途径。This paper reports the pollens of paternal plants.-Jingzhou rye, Qinling rye, and Chishui rye having been irradiated by He-Ne laser or N2 laser, the inter -genus crosses of common wheat (triticum aestivum)x rye (Secale cereale) were carried out in 1988-1990. The treated group increase in the rate of bearing seed by 75-225% more than control.The rate of emergence survival rate of Ll seeds are increased obviously, and the plumpness of seed is higher than C.K.,most of seeds are sscond grade of plumpness, some of others belong to first grade. Most characteristics of Ll seed, plant and and spike look like their paternal rye or present intermediate type, others l;ks their maternal wheat. With the chromosome being doubled naturally, the diploid seeds, namely triticale are obtained from Ll plants.The new progresses are obtained on solving the problems of ofexccedingly lowrrate of bearing seeds and the extremely poor plumpness having been existed in wheat distant hybridization for a long time past. And so this provided a new method on wheat distant hybridization.

关 键 词：小麦 杂交 远缘杂交 激光 

分 类 号：S512.035.1[农业科学—作物学]